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Science 8 April 1988:
Vol. 240. no. 4849, pp. 189 - 191
DOI: 10.1126/science.240.4849.189
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Articles
Dynamic Properties of Molecularly Thin Liquid Films
JACOB N. ISRAELACHVILI 1,
PATRICIA M. MCGUIGGAN 1, and
ANDREW M. HOMOLA 2
1 Department of Chemical and Nuclear Engineering, and Materials Department, University of California, Santa Barbara, CA 93106.
2 IBM Research Division, Almaden Research Center, San Jose, CA 95120.
An experimental technique is described for simultaneously measuring the static and dynamic interactions of very thin liquid films between two surfaces as they are moved normally or laterally relative to each other. Film thickness can be measured and controlled to 1 angstrom. Initial results are presented of the transition in the physical properties of liquid films only one molecular layer thick to thicker films whose properties are practically indistinguishable from the bulk. In particular, the results show that two molecularly smooth surfaces, when close together in simple liquids, slide (shear) past each other while separated by a discrete number of molecular layers, and that the frictional force is "quantized" with the number of layers.
Submitted on January 15, 1988
Accepted on February 25, 1988
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