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Science 6 November 1987: Vol. 238. no. 4828, pp. 800 - 802 DOI: 10.1126/science.3313729
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Articles
Science, Vol 238, Issue 4828, 800-802
Copyright © 1987 by American Association for the Advancement of Science
Cytokine-induced expression of HIV-1 in a chronically infected promonocyte cell line
TM Folks,
J Justement,
A Kinter,
CA Dinarello,
and
AS Fauci
Laboratory of Immunoregulation, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, Bethesda, MD 20892.
A model system for cytokine-induced up-regulation of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) expression in chronically infected promonocyte clones was established. The parent promonocyte cell line U937 was chronically infected with HIV-1 and from this line a clone, U1, was derived. U1 showed minimal constitutive expression of HIV-1, but virus expression was markedly up-regulated by a phytohemagglutinin-induced supernatant containing multiple cytokines and by recombinant granulocyte/macrophage colony-stimulating factor alone. Recombinant interleukin-1 (IL-1), IL-2, interferon-gamma, and tumor necrosis factor-alpha did not up-regulate virus expression. Concomitant with the cytokine-induced up-regulation of HIV-1, expression of membrane-bound IL-1 beta was selectively induced in U1 in the absence of induction of other surface membrane proteins. This cytokine up-regulation of IL-1 beta was not seen in the uninfected parent U937 cell line. These studies have implications for the understanding of the mechanism of progression from a latent or low-level HIV-1 infection to a productive infection with resulting immunosuppression. In addition, this model can be used to delineate the potential mechanisms whereby HIV-1 infection regulates cellular gene expression.
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