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Science 11 September 1987:
Vol. 237. no. 4820, pp. 1346 - 1349
DOI: 10.1126/science.2888192
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Articles

Science, Vol 237, Issue 4820, 1346-1349
Copyright © 1987 by American Association for the Advancement of Science

articles

Synthetic peptide immunoassay distinguishes HIV type 1 and HIV type 2 infections

JW Gnann Jr, JB McCormick, S Mitchell, JA Nelson, and MB Oldstone

Efforts to solve the epidemiologic puzzle of AIDS in Africa are complicated by the presence of multiple human retroviruses. Simple serologic tests that unambiguously distinguish among infections by these retroviruses are essential. To that end, a partially conserved immunoreactive epitope was identified in the transmembrane glycoproteins of human immunodeficiency viruses (HIV) types 1 and 2. Synthetic peptides derived from these conserved domains were used in sensitive and specific immunoassays that detect antibodies in sera from patients infected with HIV-1 or HIV-2. By making single amino acid substitutions in the HIV-1 peptide, it was possible to demonstrate HIV-1 strain-specific antibody responses to this epitope. Such custom-designed peptides synthesized from this domain are likely to detect newly discovered HIV types, define infection with specific HIV strains, and allow detection of group-common antibodies.


THIS ARTICLE HAS BEEN CITED BY OTHER ARTICLES:
Use of a New Dual-Antigen Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay To Detect and Characterize the Human Antibody Response to the Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 2 Envelope gp125 and gp36 Glycoproteins.
J. M. Marcelino, H. Barroso, F. Goncalves, S. M. Silva, C. Novo, P. Gomes, R. Camacho, and N. Taveira (2006)
J. Clin. Microbiol. 44, 607-611
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Diagnosis of Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1 Infection with Different Subtypes Using Rapid Tests.
S. Phillips, T. C. Granade, C.-P. Pau, D. Candal, D. J. Hu, and B. S. Parekh (2000)
Clin. Vaccine Immunol. 7, 698-699
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Rapid Assay for Simultaneous Detection and Differentiation of Immunoglobulin G Antibodies to Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1 (HIV-1) Group M, HIV-1 Group O, and HIV-2.
A. S. Vallari, R. K. Hickman, J. R. Hackett Jr., C. A. Brennan, V. A. Varitek Jr., and S. G. Devare (1998)
J. Clin. Microbiol. 36, 3657-3661
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Peptide design by artificial neural networks and computer-based evolutionary search.
G. Schneider, W. Schrodl, G. Wallukat, J. Muller, E. Nissen, W. Ronspeck, P. Wrede, and R. Kunze (1998)
PNAS 95, 12179-12184
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Infection with the Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 2.
D. M. Markovitz (1993)
Ann Intern Med 118, 211-218
   Abstract »    Full Text »
Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 2 Infection in the United States: Epidemiology, Diagnosis, and Public Health Implications.
T. R. O'Brien, J. R. George, and S. D. Holmberg (1992)
JAMA 267, 2775-2779
   Abstract »    PDF »
Update: HIV-2 Infection--United States.
(1989)
JAMA 262, 1579-1583
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Autologous red cell agglutination assay for HIV-1 antibodies: simplified test with whole blood.
B. Kemp, D. Rylatt, P. Bundesen, R. Doherty, D. McPhee, D Stapleton, L. Cottis, K Wilson, M. John, J. Khan, et al. (1988)
Science 241, 1352-1354
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Development and testing of AIDS vaccines.
W. Koff and D. Hoth (1988)
Science 241, 426-432
   Abstract »    PDF »
Characterization of a noncytopathic HIV-2 strain with unusual effects on CD4 expression.
L. Evans, J Moreau, K Odehouri, H Legg, A Barboza, C Cheng-Mayer, and J. Levy (1988)
Science 240, 1522-1525
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