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Science 4 September 1987:
Vol. 237. no. 4819, pp. 1162 - 1170
DOI: 10.1126/science.3306917
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Articles

Science, Vol 237, Issue 4819, 1162-1170
Copyright © 1987 by American Association for the Advancement of Science

articles

Transcriptional regulation in the yeast life cycle

K Nasmyth and D Shore

The transition from haploid to diploid in homothallic yeast involves a defined sequence of events which are regulated at the level of transcription. Transcription factors encoded by SWI genes activate the HO endonuclease gene at a precise stage in the cell cycle of mother cells. The HO endonuclease initiates a transposition event which activates genes of the opposite mating type by causing them to move away from a silencer element. The activated mating type genes then regulate genes involved in cell signaling such as the mating type-specific pheromones and their receptors. Since HO is only activated in one of the sister cells after division (the mother), adjacent cells of opposite mating type are generated which respond to each others' secreted pheromones by inducing genes involved in conjugation. This leads to the formation of a diploid in which many of the genes involved in mating and mating-type switching become repressed due to the heterozygosity of the mating-type locus. This article summarizes what is known about these transcriptional controls and discusses possible parallels in higher eukaryotes.


THIS ARTICLE HAS BEEN CITED BY OTHER ARTICLES:
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Cyclin-dependent Kinase Site-regulated Signal-dependent Nuclear Localization of the SWI5 Yeast Transcription Factor in Mammalian Cells.
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SWI5 instability may be necessary but is not sufficient for asymmetric HO expression in yeast..
G Tebb, T Moll, C Dowzer, and K Nasmyth (1993)
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Regulation of cell surface polarity from bacteria to mammals.
W. Nelson (1992)
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Yeast site-specific ribonucleoprotein endoribonuclease MRP contains an RNA component homologous to mammalian RNase MRP RNA and essential for cell viability..
M E Schmitt and D A Clayton (1992)
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Stable nucleosome positioning and complete repression by the yeast alpha 2 repressor are disrupted by amino-terminal mutations in histone H4..
S Y Roth, M Shimizu, L Johnson, M Grunstein, and R T Simpson (1992)
Genes & Dev. 6, 411-425
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Parallel pathways of gene regulation: homologous regulators SWI5 and ACE2 differentially control transcription of HO and chitinase..
P R Dohrmann, G Butler, K Tamai, S Dorland, J R Greene, D J Thiele, and D J Stillman (1992)
Genes & Dev. 6, 93-104
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Changes in a SWI4,6-DNA-binding complex occur at the time of HO gene activation in yeast..
M R Taba, I Muroff, D Lydall, G Tebb, and K Nasmyth (1991)
Genes & Dev. 5, 2000-2013
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RAP1 protein activates and silences transcription of mating-type genes in yeast..
S Kurtz and D Shore (1991)
Genes & Dev. 5, 616-628
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The human t(1;19) translocation in pre-B ALL produces multiple nuclear E2A-Pbx1 fusion proteins with differing transforming potentials..
M P Kamps, A T Look, and D Baltimore (1991)
Genes & Dev. 5, 358-368
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Some Facts and Thoughts on Cell Cycle Control in Yeast.
K. Nasmyth, L. Dirick, U. Surana, A. Amon, and F. Cvrckova (1991)
Cold Spring Harb Symp Quant Biol 56, 9-20
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Overproduction of the yeast STE12 protein leads to constitutive transcriptional induction..
J W Dolan and S Fields (1990)
Genes & Dev. 4, 492-502
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Similarity between the transcriptional silencer binding proteins ABF1 and RAP1.
J. Diffley and B Stillman (1989)
Science 246, 1034-1038
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DNAs of the two mating-type alleles of Neurospora crassa are highly dissimilar.
N. Glass, S. Vollmer, C Staben, J Grotelueschen, R. Metzenberg, and C Yanofsky (1988)
Science 241, 570-573
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Flexibility of the yeast alpha 2 repressor enables it to occupy the ends of its operator, leaving the center free..
R T Sauer, D L Smith, and A D Johnson (1988)
Genes & Dev. 2, 807-816
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Response and Binding Elements for Ligand-dependent Positive Transcription Factors Integrate Positive and Negative Regulation of Gene Expression.
M.G. Rosenfeld, C.K. Glass, S. Adler, E.B. Crenshaw III, X. He, S.A. Lira, H.P. Elsholtz, H.J. Mangalam, J.M. Holloway, C. Nelson, et al. (1988)
Cold Spring Harb Symp Quant Biol 53, 545-556
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