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Science 31 July 1987:
Vol. 237. no. 4814, pp. 527 - 532
DOI: 10.1126/science.3037705
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Articles

Science, Vol 237, Issue 4814, 527-532
Copyright © 1987 by American Association for the Advancement of Science

articles

Identification of a family of muscarinic acetylcholine receptor genes

TI Bonner, NJ Buckley, AC Young, and MR Brann

Complementary DNAs for three different muscarinic acetylcholine receptors were isolated from a rat cerebral cortex library, and the cloned receptors were expressed in mammalian cells. Analysis of human and rat genomic clones indicates that there are at least four functional muscarinic receptor genes and that these genes lack introns in the coding sequence. This gene family provides a new basis for evaluating the diversity of muscarinic mechanisms in the nervous system.


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Phosphorylation of the Ras-GRF1 Exchange Factor at Ser916/898 Reveals Activation of Ras Signaling in the Cerebral Cortex.
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Muscarinic Potentiation of GABAA Receptor Currents Is Gated by Insulin Signaling in the Prefrontal Cortex.
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Localization of Messenger Ribonucleic Acids for Somatostatin Receptor Subtypes (sstr1-5) in the Rat Adrenal Gland.
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The Inhibitory Effects of Tramadol on Muscarinic Receptor-Induced Responses in Xenopus Oocytes Expressing Cloned M3 Receptors.
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Conformation of Ligands Bound to the Muscarinic Acetylcholine Receptor.
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Quantitation of mRNAs for M1 to M5 Subtypes of Muscarinic Receptors in Rat Heart and Brain Cortex.
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Discovery of an Ectopic Activation Site on the M1 Muscarinic Receptor.
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Homologous Mutations Near the Junction of the Sixth Transmembrane Domain and the Third Extracellular Loop Lead to Constitutive Activity and Enhanced Agonist Affinity at all Muscarinic Receptor Subtypes.
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J. Pharmacol. Exp. Ther. 300, 810-817
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m3 Muscarinic Acetylcholine Receptor Regulation in the Airway.
C. K. Billington and R. B. Penn (2002)
Am. J. Respir. Cell Mol. Biol. 26, 269-272
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Structure and Transcription of the Human m3 Muscarinic Receptor Gene.
S. M. Forsythe, P. C. Kogut, J. F. McConville, Y. Fu, J. A. McCauley, A. J. Halayko, H. W. Liu, A. Kao, D. J. Fernandes, S. Bellam, et al. (2002)
Am. J. Respir. Cell Mol. Biol. 26, 298-305
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RT-PCR reveals muscarinic acetylcholine receptor mRNA in the pre-Botzinger complex.
J. Lai, X. M. Shao, R. W. Pan, E. Dy, C. H. Huang, and J. L. Feldman (2001)
Am J Physiol Lung Cell Mol Physiol 281, L1420-L1424
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Characterization of Muscarinic Acetylcholine Receptor in Rat Sertoli Cells.
M. O. R. Borges, M. L. C. Abreu, C. S. Porto, and M. C. W. Avellar (2001)
Endocrinology 142, 4701-4710
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Neurotransmitters in the thalamus relaying visceral input to the insular cortex in the rat.
F. Barnabi and D. F. Cechetto (2001)
Am J Physiol Regulatory Integrative Comp Physiol 281, R1665-R1674
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Mechanisms and Physiological Significance of the Cholinergic Control of Pancreatic {beta}-Cell Function.
P. Gilon and J.-C. Henquin (2001)
Endocr. Rev. 22, 565-604
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
5-Hydroxytryptamine2A Receptor Inverse Agonists as Antipsychotics.
D. M. Weiner, E. S. Burstein, N. Nash, G. E. Croston, E. A. Currier, K. E. Vanover, S. C. Harvey, E. Donohue, H. C. Hansen, C. M. Andersson, et al. (2001)
J. Pharmacol. Exp. Ther. 299, 268-276
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Changes of Cooperativity between N-Methylscopolamine and Allosteric Modulators Alcuronium and Gallamine Induced by Mutations of External Loops of Muscarinic M3 Receptors.
A. Krejci and S. Tucek (2001)
Mol. Pharmacol. 60, 761-767
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Inhibition of TASK-1 potassium channel by phospholipase C.
G. Czirjak, G. L. Petheo, A. Spat, and P. Enyedi (2001)
Am J Physiol Cell Physiol 281, C700-C708
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
The Effects of Isoflurane on Native and Chimeric Muscarinic Acetylcholine Receptors: The Role of Protein Kinase C.
S.-H. Do, G. L. Kamatchi, and M. E. Durieux (2001)
Anesth. Analg. 93, 375-381
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Molecular Ontogeny of Major Neurotransmitter Receptor Systems in the Mammalian Central Nervous System: Norepinephrine, Dopamine, Serotonin, Acetylcholine, and Glycine.
J. M. Rho and T. W. Storey (2001)
J Child Neurol 16, 271-280
   Abstract »    PDF »
Pharmacological and Molecular Characterization of Muscarinic Receptor Subtypes in Human Esophageal Smooth Muscle.
H. G. Preiksaitis, P. S. Krysiak, T. Chrones, V. Rajgopal, and L. G. Laurier (2000)
J. Pharmacol. Exp. Ther. 295, 879-888
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Brain-Stimulation Reward Thresholds Raised by an Antisense Oligonucleotide for the M5 Muscarinic Receptor Infused near Dopamine Cells.
J. S. Yeomans, J. Takeuchi, M. Baptista, D. D. Flynn, K. Lepik, J. Nobrega, J. Fulton, and M. R. Ralph (2000)
J. Neurosci. 20, 8861-8867
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Human esophageal smooth muscle cells express muscarinic receptor subtypes M1 through M5.
J. Wang, P. S. Krysiak, L. G. Laurier, S. M. Sims, and H. G. Preiksaitis (2000)
Am J Physiol Gastrointest Liver Physiol 279, G1059-G1069
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M2-Receptor Subtype Does Not Mediate Muscarine-Induced Increases in [Ca2+]i in Nociceptive Neurons of Rat Dorsal Root Ganglia.
R. Haberberger, R. Scholz, W. Kummer, and M. Kress (2000)
J Neurophysiol 84, 1934-1941
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Expression of Muscarinic Receptor Genes in the Human Coronary Artery.
M. Esumi, Y. Kusumi, Y. Sato, I. Sakurai, and M. Niihashi (2000)
Angiology 51, 295-300
   Abstract »    PDF »
Acetylcholine Modulates Respiratory Pattern: Effects Mediated by M3-Like Receptors in PreBotzinger Complex Inspiratory Neurons.
X. M. Shao and J. L. Feldman (2000)
J Neurophysiol 83, 1243-1252
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M2 and M4 Receptor Knockout Mice: Muscarinic Receptor Function in Cardiac and Smooth Muscle In Vitro.
P. W. Stengel, J. Gomeza, J. Wess, and M. L. Cohen (2000)
J. Pharmacol. Exp. Ther. 292, 877-885
   Abstract »    Full Text »
The M1 Muscarinic Agonist CI-1017 Facilitates Trace Eyeblink Conditioning in Aging Rabbits and Increases the Excitability of CA1 Pyramidal Neurons.
C. Weiss, A. R. Preston, M. M. Oh, R. D. Schwarz, D. Welty, and J. F. Disterhoft (2000)
J. Neurosci. 20, 783-790
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Adrenergic and Muscarinic Receptors in the Human Heart.
O.-E. Brodde and M. C. Michel (1999)
Pharmacol. Rev. 51, 651-690
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Asymmetric distribution of muscarinic acetylcholine receptors in Madin-Darby canine kidney cells.
L. S. Nadler, G. Kumar, T. R. Hinds, J. C. Migeon, and N. M. Nathanson (1999)
Am J Physiol Cell Physiol 277, C1220-C1228
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Milameline (CI-979/RU35926): A Muscarinic Receptor Agonist with Cognition-Activating Properties: Biochemical and In Vivo Characterization.
R. D. Schwarz, M. J. Callahan, L. L. Coughenour, M. R. Dickerson, J. J. Kinsora, W. J. Lipinski, C. A. Raby, C. J. Spencer, and H. Tecle (1999)
J. Pharmacol. Exp. Ther. 291, 812-822
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Alanine-Scanning Mutagenesis of Transmembrane Domain 6 of the M1 Muscarinic Acetylcholine Receptor Suggests that Tyr381 Plays Key Roles in Receptor Function.
S. D. C. Ward, C. A. M. Curtis, and E. C. Hulme (1999)
Mol. Pharmacol. 56, 1031-1041
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G Protein-Linked Receptors: Pharmacological Evidence for the Formation of Heterodimers.
R. Maggio, P. Barbier, A. Colelli, F. Salvadori, G. Demontis, and G. U. Corsini (1999)
J. Pharmacol. Exp. Ther. 291, 251-257
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Physiological Regulation of G Protein-Linked Signaling.
A. J. Morris and C. C. Malbon (1999)
Physiol Rev 79, 1373-1430
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Current and the near future medications for Alzheimer's disease: What can we expect from them?.
J. R. Shua-Haim and J. S. Ross (1999)
American Journal of Alzheimer's Disease and Other Dementias 14, 294-307
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Alterations of muscarinic acetylcholine receptor subtypes in diffuse Lewy body disease: relation to Alzheimer's disease.
K. Shiozaki, E. Iseki, H. Uchiyama, Y. Watanabe, T. Haga, K. Kameyama, T. Ikeda, T. Yamamoto, and K. Kosaka (1999)
J. Neurol. Neurosurg. Psychiatry 67, 209-213
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Identification and Molecular Characterization of m3 Muscarinic Receptor Dimers.
F.-Y. Zeng and J. Wess (1999)
J. Biol. Chem. 274, 19487-19497
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Expression of mRNA Encoding Muscarinic Receptor Subtypes in Neutrophils of Patients with Rheumatoid Arthritis.
U. BANY, M. GAJEWSKI, K. KSIEZOPOLSKA-PIETRZAK, M. JOZWICKA, E. KLIMCZAK, J. RYZEWSKI, H. CHWALINSKA-SADOWSKA, and W. MASLINSKI (1999)
Ann. N.Y. Acad. Sci. 876, 301-304
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Use of a Disulfide Cross-linking Strategy to Study Muscarinic Receptor Structure and Mechanisms of Activation.
F.-Y. Zeng, A. Hopp, A. Soldner, and J. Wess (1999)
J. Biol. Chem. 274, 16629-16640
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Parasympathetic modulation of sinoatrial node pacemaker activity in rabbit heart: a unifying model.
S. S. Demir, J. W. Clark, and W. R. Giles (1999)
Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol 276, H2221-H2244
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Regulation of Muscarinic Acetylcholine Receptor Sequestration and Function by beta -Arrestin.
O. Vogler, B. Nolte, M. Voss, M. Schmidt, K. H. Jakobs, and C. J. van Koppen (1999)
J. Biol. Chem. 274, 12333-12338
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Caffeine does not inhibit substance P-evoked intracellular Ca2+ mobilization in rat salivary acinar cells.
J. T. Seo, H. Sugiya, S. I. Lee, M. C. Steward, and A. C. Elliott (1999)
Am J Physiol Cell Physiol 276, C915-C922
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Identification and Characterization of Multiple Subtypes of Muscarinic Acetylcholine Receptors and Their Physiological Functions in Canine Hearts.
H. Shi, H. Wang, and Z. Wang (1999)
Mol. Pharmacol. 55, 497-507
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Use of a Sandwich Enzyme-linked Immunosorbent Assay Strategy to Study Mechanisms of G Protein-coupled Receptor Assembly.
J. Jakubik and J. Wess (1999)
J. Biol. Chem. 274, 1349-1358
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Selectivity Profile of Muscarinic Toxin 3 in Functional Assays of Cloned and Native Receptors.
M. C. Olianas, A. Ingianni, C. Maullu, A. Adem, E. Karlsson, and P. Onali (1999)
J. Pharmacol. Exp. Ther. 288, 164-170
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Subcellular Redistribution of m2 Muscarinic Acetylcholine Receptors in Striatal Interneurons In Vivo after Acute Cholinergic Stimulation.
V. Bernard, O. Laribi, A. I. Levey, and B. Bloch (1998)
J. Neurosci. 18, 10207-10218
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Mutations at the Consensus Phosphorylation Sites in the Third Intracellular Loop of the Rat Gonadotropin-Releasing Hormone Receptor: Effects on Receptor Ligand Binding and Signal Transduction.
X. Lin, J. A. Janovick, and P. M. Conn (1998)
Biol Reprod 59, 1470-1476
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Signaling Mechanisms Underlying Muscarinic Receptor-mediated Increase in Contraction Rate in Cultured Heart Cells.
H. M. Colecraft, J. P. Egamino, V. K. Sharma, and S.-S. Sheu (1998)
J. Biol. Chem. 273, 32158-32166
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M2 muscarinic receptor contributes to contraction of the denervated rat urinary bladder.
A. S. Braverman, G. R. Luthin, and M. R. Ruggieri (1998)
Am J Physiol Regulatory Integrative Comp Physiol 275, R1654-R1660
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The Second Intracellular Loop of the m5 Muscarinic Receptor Is the Switch Which Enables G-protein Coupling.
E. S. Burstein, T. A. Spalding, and M. R. Brann (1998)
J. Biol. Chem. 273, 24322-24327
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Nerve Growth Factor Regulation of m4 Muscarinic Receptor mRNA Stability but Not Gene Transcription Requires Mitogen-activated Protein Kinase Activity.
N. H. Lee and R. L. Malek (1998)
J. Biol. Chem. 273, 22317-22325
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Identification of a Ligand-dependent Switch within a Muscarinic Receptor.
T. A. Spalding, E. S. Burstein, S. C. Henderson, K. R. Ducote, and M. R. Brann (1998)
J. Biol. Chem. 273, 21563-21568
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Pharmacological and Functional Characterization of Muscarinic Receptors in the Frog Pars Intermedia.
M. Garnier, M. Lamacz, L. Galas, S. Lenglet, M.-C. Tonon, and H. Vaudry (1998)
Endocrinology 139, 3525-3533
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Functional Characterization of a Series of Mutant G Protein alpha q Subunits Displaying Promiscuous Receptor Coupling Properties.
E. Kostenis, F.-Y. Zeng, and J. Wess (1998)
J. Biol. Chem. 273, 17886-17892
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Development of Pig Oocytes Activated by Stimulation of an Exogenous G Protein-Coupled Receptor.
J.-H. Kim, Z. Macháty, R. A. Cabot, Y.-M. Han, H.-J. Do, and R. S. Prather (1998)
Biol Reprod 59, 655-660
   Abstract »    Full Text »
Tyrosine phosphorylation of paxillin and focal adhesion kinase by activation of muscarinic m3 receptors is dependent on integrin engagement by the extracellular matrix.
B. E. Slack (1998)
PNAS 95, 7281-7286
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International Union of Pharmacology. XVII. Classification of Muscarinic Acetylcholine Receptors.
M. P. Caulfield and N. J. M. Birdsall (1998)
Pharmacol. Rev. 50, 279-290
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Arrestin-independent Internalization of the m1, m3, and m4 Subtypes of Muscarinic Cholinergic Receptors.
K. B. Lee, R. Pals-Rylaarsdam, J. L. Benovic, and M. M. Hosey (1998)
J. Biol. Chem. 273, 12967-12972
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Receptor Subtype-specific Regulation of Muscarinic Acetylcholine Receptor Sequestration by Dynamin. DISTINCT SEQUESTRATION OF m2 RECEPTORS.
O. Vogler, G. S. Bogatkewitsch, C. Wriske, P. Krummenerl, K. H. Jakobs, and C. J. van Koppen (1998)
J. Biol. Chem. 273, 12155-12160
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Pharmacological and Molecular Characterization of Muscarinic Receptors in Cat Esophageal Smooth Muscle.
H. G. Preiksaitis and L. G. Laurier (1998)
J. Pharmacol. Exp. Ther. 285, 853-861
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