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Science 5 December 1986:
Vol. 234. no. 4781, pp. 1249 - 1254
DOI: 10.1126/science.3775383
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Articles

Science, Vol 234, Issue 4781, 1249-1254
Copyright © 1986 by American Association for the Advancement of Science

articles

A critical period for macromolecular synthesis in long-term heterosynaptic facilitation in Aplysia

PG Montarolo, P Goelet, VF Castellucci, J Morgan, ER Kandel, and S Schacher

Both long-term and short-term sensitization of the gill and siphon withdrawal reflex in Aplysia involve facilitation of the monosynaptic connections between the sensory and motor neurons. To analyze the relationship between these two forms of synaptic facilitation at the cellular and molecular level, this monosynaptic sensorimotor component of the gill-withdrawal reflex of Aplysia can be reconstituted in dissociated cell culture. Whereas one brief application of 1 microM serotonin produced short-term facilitation in the sensorimotor connection that lasted minutes, five applications over 1.5 hours resulted in long-term facilitation that lasted more than 24 hours. Inhibitors of protein synthesis or RNA synthesis selectively blocked long-term facilitation, but not short-term facilitation, indicating that long-term facilitation requires the expression of gene products not essential for short-term facilitation. Moreover, the inhibitors only blocked long-term facilitation when given during the serotonin applications; the inhibitors did not block the facilitation when given either before or after serotonin application. These results parallel those for behavioral performance in vertebrates and indicate that the critical time window characteristic of the requirement for macromolecular synthesis in long-term heterosynaptic facilitation is not a property of complex circuitry, but an intrinsic characteristic of specific nerve cells and synaptic connections involved in the long-term storage of information.


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J. Neurosci. 18, 5988-5998
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Multiple Memory Processes Following Training That a Food Is Inedible in Aplysia.
D. Botzer, S. Markovich, and A. J. Susswein (1998)
Learn. Mem. 5, 204-219
   Abstract »    Full Text »
Differential Induction of Long-Term Synaptic Facilitation by Spaced and Massed Applications of Serotonin at Sensory Neuron Synapses of Aplysia californica.
J. Mauelshagen, C. M. Sherff, and T. J. Carew (1998)
Learn. Mem. 5, 246-256
   Abstract »    Full Text »
Substance P Modulates NMDA Responses and Causes Long-Term Protein Synthesis-Dependent Modulation of the Lamprey Locomotor Network.
D. Parker, W. Zhang, and S. Grillner (1998)
J. Neurosci. 18, 4800-4813
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Binding of Serotonin to Receptors at Multiple Sites Is Required for Structural Plasticity Accompanying Long-Term Facilitation of Aplysia Sensorimotor Synapses.
Z.-Y. Sun and S. Schacher (1998)
J. Neurosci. 18, 3991-4000
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Long-Term Changes in Excitability Induced by Protein Kinase C Activation in Aplysia Sensory Neurons.
F. Manseau, W. S. Sossin, and V. F. Castellucci (1998)
J Neurophysiol 79, 1210-1218
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Long-Term Effects of Axotomy on Excitability and Growth of Isolated Aplysia Sensory Neurons in Cell Culture: Potential Role of cAMP.
S. S. Bedi, A. Salim, S. Chen, and D. L. Glanzman (1998)
J Neurophysiol 79, 1371-1383
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Repeated pulses of serotonin required for long-term facilitation activate mitogen-activated protein kinase in sensory neurons of Aplysia.
D. Michael, K. C. Martin, R. Seger, M.-M. Ning, R. Baston, and E. R. Kandel (1998)
PNAS 95, 1864-1869
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Mapping of interneurons that contribute to food aversive conditioning in the slug brain..
T Kimura, H Suzuki, E Kono, and T Sekiguchi (1998)
Learn. Mem. 4, 376-388
   Abstract »    PDF »
Protein synthesis-dependent memory and neuronal enhancement in Hermissenda are contingent on parameters of training and retention..
R R Ramirez, C C Gandhi, I A Muzzio, and L D Matzel (1998)
Learn. Mem. 4, 462-477
   Abstract »    PDF »


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