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Science 10 October 1986:
Vol. 234. no. 4773, pp. 200 - 203
DOI: 10.1126/science.3018933
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Articles

Science, Vol 234, Issue 4773, 200-203
Copyright © 1986 by American Association for the Advancement of Science

articles

Brominating oxidants generated by human eosinophils

SJ Weiss, ST Test, CM Eckmann, D Roos, and S Regiani

Eosinophils are white blood cells that in humans are found in association with helminthic infections and various inflammatory disease processes. These cells contain a unique lysosomal peroxidase that oxidizes halides to generate highly reactive and toxic hypohalous acids. Although chloride is found in vivo at concentrations at least 1000-fold greater than those of other halides, human eosinophils did not preferentially oxidize chloride under physiologic conditions. Instead, eosinophils used bromide, a halide with a hitherto unknown function in humans, to generate a halogenating oxidant with characteristics similar, if not identical, to those of hypobromous acid. These results indicate that physiological concentrations of bromide arm human eosinophils with the ability to generate and release an unusual oxidant capable of destroying a wide range of prokaryotic and eukaryotic targets.


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Molecular Chlorine Generated by the Myeloperoxidase-Hydrogen Peroxide-Chloride System of Phagocytes Converts Low Density Lipoprotein Cholesterol into a Family of Chlorinated Sterols.
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Neutrophils and Host Defense.
R. I. Lehrer, T. Ganz, M. E. Selsted, B. M. Babior, and J. T. Curnutte (1988)
Ann Intern Med 109, 127-142
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J. P. Henderson, J. Byun, M. V. Williams, D. M. Mueller, M. L. McCormick, and J. W. Heinecke (2001)
J. Biol. Chem. 276, 7867-7875
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Hypochlorous Acid Oxygenates the Cysteine Switch Domain of Pro-matrilysin (MMP-7). A MECHANISM FOR MATRIX METALLOPROTEINASE ACTIVATION AND ATHEROSCLEROTIC PLAQUE RUPTURE BY MYELOPEROXIDASE.
X. Fu, S. Y. Kassim, W. C. Parks, and J. W. Heinecke (2001)
J. Biol. Chem. 276, 41279-41287
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Bromination of deoxycytidine by eosinophil peroxidase: A mechanism for mutagenesis by oxidative damage of nucleotide precursors.
J. P. Henderson, J. Byun, M. V. Williams, M. L. McCormick, W. C. Parks, L. A. Ridnour, and J. W. Heinecke (2001)
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Neutrophils employ the myeloperoxidase system to generate antimicrobial brominating and chlorinating oxidants during sepsis.
J. P. Gaut, G. C. Yeh, H. D. Tran, J. Byun, J. P. Henderson, G. M. Richter, M.-L. Brennan, A. J. Lusis, A. Belaaouaj, R. S. Hotchkiss, et al. (2001)
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