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Science 25 April 1986:
Vol. 232. no. 4749, pp. 506 - 508
DOI: 10.1126/science.3083507
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Articles

Science, Vol 232, Issue 4749, 506-508
Copyright © 1986 by American Association for the Advancement of Science

articles

Induction of macrophage tumoricidal activity by granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor

KH Grabstein, DL Urdal, RJ Tushinski, DY Mochizuki, VL Price, MA Cantrell, S Gillis, and PJ Conlon

Monocytes are a subpopulation of peripheral blood leukocytes, which when appropriately activated by the regulatory hormones of the immune system, are capable of becoming macrophages--potent effector cells for immune response to tumors and parasites. A complementary DNA for the T lymphocyte-derived lymphokine, granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF), has been cloned, and recombinant GM-CSF protein has been expressed in yeast and purified to homogeneity. This purified human recombinant GM-CSF stimulated peripheral blood monocytes in vitro to become cytotoxic for the malignant melanoma cell line A375. Another T cell-derived lymphokine, gamma-interferon (IFN-gamma), also stimulated peripheral blood monocytes to become tumoricidal against this malignant cell line. When IFN-gamma activates monocytes to become tumoricidal, additional stimulation by exogenously added lipopolysaccharide is required. No such exogenous signals were required for the activation of monocytes by GM-CSF.


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