Note to users. If you're seeing this message, it means that your browser cannot find this page's style/presentation instructions -- or possibly that you are using a browser that does not support current Web standards. Find out more about why this message is appearing, and what you can do to make your experience of our site the best it can be.

Site Tools

  • AAAS
  • Subscribe
  • Feedback

Site Search

Search Advanced

Science 10 January 1986:
Vol. 231. no. 4734, pp. 159 - 161
DOI: 10.1126/science.3079917
Prev | Table of Contents | Next

Articles

Science, Vol 231, Issue 4734, 159-161
Copyright © 1986 by American Association for the Advancement of Science

articles

Thyrotropin-releasing hormone precursor: characterization in rat brain

RM Lechan, P Wu, IM Jackson, H Wolf, S Cooperman, G Mandel, and RH Goodman

To characterize the precursor of mammalian thyrotropin-releasing hormone (TRH), a rat hypothalamic lambda gt11 library was screened with an antiserum directed against a synthetic peptide representing a portion of the rat TRH prohormone. The nucleotide sequence of the immunopositive complementary DNA encoded a protein with a molecular weight of 29,247. This protein contained five copies of the sequence Gln-His-Pro-Gly flanked by paired basic amino acids and could therefore generate five TRH molecules. In addition, potential cleavage sites in the TRH precursor could produce other non-TRH peptides, which may be secreted. In situ hybridization to rat brain sections demonstrated that the pre-proTRH complementary DNA detected neurons concentrated in the parvocellular division of the paraventricular nucleus, the same location as cells detected by immunohistochemistry. These findings indicate that mammalian TRH arises by posttranslational processing of a larger precursor protein. The ability of the TRH prohormone to generate multiple copies of the bioactive peptide may be an important mechanism in the amplification of hormone production.


THIS ARTICLE HAS BEEN CITED BY OTHER ARTICLES:
Thyrotropin-Releasing Hormone and the Thyroid Hormone Feedback Mechanism.
M. I. Chiamolera and F. E. Wondisford (2009)
Endocrinology 150, 1091-1096
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Regulation of Prohormone Convertases in Hypothalamic Neurons: Implications for ProThyrotropin-Releasing Hormone and Proopiomelanocortin.
E. A. Nillni (2007)
Endocrinology 148, 4191-4200
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Central Dysregulation of the Hypothalamic-Pituitary-Adrenal Axis in Neuron-Specific Proopiomelanocortin-Deficient Mice.
J. L. Smart, V. Tolle, V. Otero-Corchon, and M. J. Low (2007)
Endocrinology 148, 647-659
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Cellular colocalization and coregulation between hypothalamic pro-TRH and prohormone convertases in hypothyroidism.
V. P. Espinosa, M. Ferrini, X. Shen, K. Lutfy, E. A. Nillni, and T. C. Friedman (2007)
Am J Physiol Endocrinol Metab 292, E175-E186
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
A comprehensive description of the transcriptome of the hypothalamoneurohypophyseal system in euhydrated and dehydrated rats.
C. Hindmarch, S. Yao, G. Beighton, J. Paton, and D. Murphy (2006)
PNAS 103, 1609-1614
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Excitatory Effects of Thyrotropin-Releasing Hormone in the Thalamus.
C. Broberger and D. A. McCormick (2005)
J. Neurosci. 25, 1664-1673
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Pharmacological Studies of Thyrotropin-Releasing Hormone (TRH) Receptors from Xenopus laevis: Is xTRHR3 a TRH Receptor?.
X. Lu, I. Bidaud, A. Ladram, and M. C. Gershengorn (2003)
Endocrinology 144, 1842-1846
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Hypothalamic thyrotropin-releasing hormone mRNA responses to hypothyroxinemia induced by sleep deprivation.
C. A. Everson and T. S. Nowak Jr. (2002)
Am J Physiol Endocrinol Metab 283, E85-E93
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Synaptic Control of Motoneuronal Excitability.
J. C. Rekling, G. D. Funk, D. A. Bayliss, X.-W. Dong, and J. L. Feldman (2000)
Physiol Rev 80, 767-852
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Acute Changes in Maternal Thyroid Hormone Induce Rapid and Transient Changes in Gene Expression in Fetal Rat Brain.
A. L. S. Dowling, G. U. Martz, J. L. Leonard, and R. T. Zoeller (2000)
J. Neurosci. 20, 2255-2265
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Regulation of the Mouse Preprothyrotropin-Releasing Hormone Gene by Retinoic Acid Receptor.
T. Satoh, T. Ishizuka, T. Monden, N. Shibusawa, T. Hashida, M. Kishi, M. Yamada, and M. Mori (1999)
Endocrinology 140, 5004-5013
   Abstract »    Full Text »
The Biology of pro-Thyrotropin-Releasing Hormone-Derived Peptides.
E. A. Nillni and K. A. Sevarino (1999)
Endocr. Rev. 20, 599-648
   Abstract »    Full Text »
Triiodothyronine Down-Regulates Thyrotropin-Releasing Hormone (TRH) Synthesis and Decreases pTRH-(160-169) and Insulin Releases from Fetal Rat Islets in Culture.
P. Fragner, A. Ladram, and S. Aratan de Leon (1999)
Endocrinology 140, 4113-4119
   Abstract »    Full Text »
The Corticotropin-Release Inhibitory Factor Hypothesis: A Review of the Evidence for the Existence of Inhibitory as Well as Stimulatory Hypophysiotropic Regulation of Adrenocorticotropin Secretion and Biosynthesis.
D. Engler, E. Redei, and I. Kola (1999)
Endocr. Rev. 20, 460-500
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Cloning of Thyrotropin-Releasing Hormone Precursor and Receptor in Rat Thymus, Adrenal Gland, and Testis.
J.-J. Montagne, A. Ladram, P. Nicolas, and M. Bulant (1999)
Endocrinology 140, 1054-1059
   Abstract »    Full Text »
Early Activation of Thyrotropin-Releasing-Hormone and Prolactin Plays a Critical Role during a T Cell-Dependent Immune Response.
C. P. Castro, R. Peñalva, M. P. Pereda, U. Renner, J. M. H. M. Reul, G. K. Stalla, F. Holsboer, and E. Arzt (1999)
Endocrinology 140, 690-697
   Abstract »    Full Text »
Thyrotropin-Releasing Hormone Gene Expression in the Anterior Pituitary. IV. Evidence for Paracrine and Autocrine Regulation.
T. O. Bruhn, J. M. M. Rondeel, and I. M. D. Jackson (1998)
Endocrinology 139, 3416-3422
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Distribution, Cellular Localization, and Ontogeny of Preprothyrotropin-Releasing Hormone-(160-169) (Ps4)-Binding Sites in the Rat Pituitary.
K. Valentijn, F. Vandenbulcke, E. Piek, J.-C. Beauvillain, and H. Vaudry (1998)
Endocrinology 139, 1306-1313
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Stimulation of the Preprothyrotropin-Releasing Hormone Gene by Epidermal Growth Factor.
Y. Ren, T. Satoh, M. Yamada, K. Hashimoto, S. Konaka, T. Iwasaki, and M. Mori (1998)
Endocrinology 139, 195-203
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Thyrotropin-releasing Hormone Immunoreactivity in Rat Adrenal Tissue Is Localized in Mast Cells.
J.-J. Montagne, A. Ladram, D. Grouselle, P. Nicolas, and M. Bulant (1997)
J. Histochem. Cytochem. 45, 1623-1628
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
A new biological contribution of cyclo(His-Pro) to the peripheral inhibition of pancreatic secretion.
P. Fragner, O. Presset, N. Bernad, J. Martinez, C. Roze, and S. Aratan-Spire (1997)
Am J Physiol Endocrinol Metab 273, E1127-E1132
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Processing of Prothyrotropin-releasing Hormone by the Family of Prohormone Convertases.
P. Schaner, R. B. Todd, N. G. Seidah, and E. A. Nillni (1997)
J. Biol. Chem. 272, 19958-19968
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Regional Distribution of Type 2 Thyroxine Deiodinase Messenger Ribonucleic Acid in Rat Hypothalamus and Pituitary and Its Regulation by Thyroid Hormone.
H. M. Tu, S.-W. Kim, D. Salvatore, T. Bartha, G. Legradi, P. R. Larsen, and R. M. Lechan (1997)
Endocrinology 138, 3359-3368
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
N-Ethylmaleimide (NEM) Can Significantly Improve In Situ Hybridization Results Using 35S-labeled Oligodeoxynucleotide or Complementary RNA Probes.
R. T. Zoeller, D. L. Fletcher, O. Butnariu, C. A. Lowry, and F. L. Moore (1997)
J. Histochem. Cytochem. 45, 1035-1042
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Thyrotropin-Releasing Hormone Gene Expression by Anterior Pituitary Cells in Long-Term Cultures Is Influenced by the Culture Conditions and Cell-to-Cell Interactions.
A. Peters, H. Heuer, L. Schomburg, W. J. de Greef, T. J. Visser, and K. Bauer (1997)
Endocrinology 138, 2807-2812
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Leptin Prevents Fasting-Induced Suppression of Prothyrotropin-Releasing Hormone Messenger Ribonucleic Acid in Neurons of the Hypothalamic Paraventricular Nucleus.
G. Legradi, C. H. Emerson, R. S. Ahima, J. S. Flier, and R. M. Lechan (1997)
Endocrinology 138, 2569-2576
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Negative Regulation of the Gene for the Preprothyrotropin-releasing Hormone from the Mouse by Thyroid Hormone Requires Additional Factors in Conjunction with Thyroid Hormone Receptors.
T. Satoh, M. Yamada, T. Iwasaki, and M. Mori (1996)
J. Biol. Chem. 271, 27919-27926
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Intracellular Sites of Prothyrotropin-releasing Hormone Processing.
I. P. d. l. Cruz and E. A. Nillni (1996)
J. Biol. Chem. 271, 22736-22745
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Thyroid hormone regulates TRH biosynthesis in the paraventricular nucleus of the rat hypothalamus.
T. Segerson, J Kauer, H. Wolfe, H Mobtaker, P Wu, I. Jackson, and R. Lechan (1987)
Science 238, 78-80
   Abstract »    PDF »


To Advertise     Find Products

Science. ISSN 0036-8075 (print), 1095-9203 (online)