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Science 6 December 1985:
Vol. 230. no. 4730, pp. 1165 - 1168
DOI: 10.1126/science.4071041
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Articles

Science, Vol 230, Issue 4730, 1165-1168
Copyright © 1985 by American Association for the Advancement of Science

articles

Synthesis and evaluation of a prototypal artificial red cell

CA Hunt, RR Burnette, RD MacGregor, AE Strubbe, DT Lau, N Taylor, and H Kiwada

A new process allows microencapsulation of purified human hemoglobin and 2,3-diphosphoglycerate to form neohemocytes. The microcapsule membrane is composed of phospholipids and cholesterol. Neohemocytes are substantially smaller than erythrocytes, contain 15.1 grams per decaliter of hemoglobin, and have a P50 value (the partial pressure of oxygen at which the hemoglobin is half-saturated) of 24.0 torr. All rats given 50-percent exchange transfusions survived with only limited evidence of reversible toxicity. Normal serum glutamate-pyruvate-transaminase values at 1, 7, and 30 days after transfusion were consistent with minimal hepatotoxicity. The concentration of blood urea-nitrogen was elevated by 35 percent after 1 day but returned to normal by day 7. However, histopathology revealed normal kidneys on day 1 as well as on days 7 and 30. Neohemocytes cleared from the circulation of transfused rats with an apparent half-life of 5.8 hours.


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Blood substitutes: evolution and future applications.
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Liposome encapsulation attenuates hemoglobin-induced vasoconstriction in rabbit arterial segments.
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