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Science 7 December 1984:
Vol. 226. no. 4679, pp. 1165 - 1171
DOI: 10.1126/science.6095449
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Articles

Science, Vol 226, Issue 4679, 1165-1171
Copyright © 1984 by American Association for the Advancement of Science

articles

Molecular characterization of human T-cell leukemia (lymphotropic) virus type III in the acquired immune deficiency syndrome

GM Shaw, BH Hahn, SK Arya, JE Groopman, RC Gallo, and F Wong-Staal

The human T-cell leukemia (lymphotropic) virus type III (HTLV-III) appears to be central to the causation of the acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS). Two full-length integrated proviral DNA forms of HTLV-III have now been cloned and analyzed, and DNA sequences of the virus in cell lines and fresh tissues from patients with AIDS or AIDS-related complex (ARC) have been characterized. The results revealed that (i) HTLV-III is an exogenous human retrovirus, approximately 10 kilobases in length, that lacks nucleic acid sequences derived from normal human DNA; (ii) HTLV-III, unlike HTLV types I and II, shows substantial diversity in its genomic restriction enzyme cleavage pattern; (iii) HTLV-III persists in substantial amounts in cells as unintegrated linear DNA, an uncommon property that has been linked to the cytopathic effects of certain animal retroviruses; and (iv) HTLV-III viral DNA can be detected in low levels in fresh (primary) lymphoid tissue of a minority of patients with AIDS or ARC but appears not to be present in Kaposi's sarcoma tissue. These findings have important implications concerning the biological properties of HTLV-III and the pathophysiology of AIDS and Kaposi's sarcoma.


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Dual infection of the central nervous system by AIDS viruses with distinct cellular tropisms.
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Expression of the art/trs protein of HIV and study of its role in viral envelope synthesis.
D. Knight, F. Flomerfelt, and J Ghrayeb (1987)
Science 236, 837-840
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Developmental Therapeutics and the Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome.
V. T. DEVITA Jr., S. BRODER, A. S. FAUCI, J. A. KOVACS, and B. A. CHABNER (1987)
Ann Intern Med 106, 568-581
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Alterations in T4 (CD4) protein and mRNA synthesis in cells infected with HIV.
J. Hoxie, J. Alpers, J. Rackowski, K Huebner, B. Haggarty, A. Cedarbaum, and J. Reed (1986)
Science 234, 1123-1127
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Virus Isolation From and Identification of HTLV-III/LAV-Producing Cells in Brain Tissue From a Patient With AIDS.
S. Gartner, P. Markovits, D. M. Markovitz, R. F. Betts, and M. Popovic (1986)
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Genetic variation in HTLV-III/LAV over time in patients with AIDS or at risk for AIDS.
B. Hahn, G. Shaw, M. Taylor, R. Redfield, P. Markham, S. Salahuddin, F Wong-Staal, R. Gallo, E. Parks, and W. Parks (1986)
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Human T-Cell Lymphotropic Virus Type III Infection in a Cohort of Homosexual Men in New York City.
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JAMA 255, 2167-2172
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New human T-lymphotropic retrovirus related to simian T-lymphotropic virus type III (STLV-IIIAGM).
P. Kanki, F Barin, S M'Boup, J. Allan, J. Romet-Lemonne, R Marlink, M. McLane, T. Lee, B Arbeille, F Denis, et al. (1986)
Science 232, 238-243
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Replicative and cytopathic potential of HTLV-III/LAV with sor gene deletions.
J Sodroski, W. Goh, C Rosen, A Tartar, D Portetelle, A Burny, and W Haseltine (1986)
Science 231, 1549-1553
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Antiserum to a synthetic peptide recognizes the HTLV-III envelope glycoprotein.
R. Kennedy, R. Henkel, D Pauletti, J. Allan, T. Lee, M Essex, and G. Dreesman (1986)
Science 231, 1556-1559
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HTLV-III gag protein is processed in yeast cells by the virus pol-protease.
R. Kramer, M. Schaber, A. Skalka, K Ganguly, F Wong-Staal, and E. Reddy (1986)
Science 231, 1580-1584
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Binding of HTLV-III/LAV to T4+ T cells by a complex of the 110K viral protein and the T4 molecule.
J. McDougal, M. Kennedy, J. Sligh, S. Cort, A Mawle, and J. Nicholson (1986)
Science 231, 382-385
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S Benn, R Rutledge, T Folks, J Gold, L Baker, J McCormick, P Feorino, P Piot, T Quinn, and M Martin (1985)
Science 230, 949-951
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A Human T-Lymphotropic Retrovirus (HTLV-III) as the Cause of the Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome.
R. C. GALLO and F. WONG-STAAL (1985)
Ann Intern Med 103, 679-689
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Characterization of gp41 as the transmembrane protein coded by the HTLV-III/LAV envelope gene.
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Science 229, 1402-1405
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F Wong-Staal, G. Shaw, B. Hahn, S. Salahuddin, M Popovic, P Markham, R Redfield, and R. Gallo (1985)
Science 229, 759-762
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S. Arya, C Guo, S. Josephs, and F Wong-Staal (1985)
Science 229, 69-73
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A. S. FAUCI, H. MASUR, E. P. GELMANN, P. D. MARKHAM, B. H. HAHN, and H. C. LANE (1985)
Ann Intern Med 102, 800-813
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J. Allan, J. Coligan, F Barin, M. McLane, J. Sodroski, C. Rosen, W. Haseltine, T. Lee, and M Essex (1985)
Science 228, 1091-1094
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Characterization of envelope and core structural gene products of HTLV-III with sera from AIDS patients.
W. Robey, B Safai, S Oroszlan, L. Arthur, M. Gonda, R. Gallo, and P. Fischinger (1985)
Science 228, 593-595
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Characterization of long terminal repeat sequences of HTLV-III.
B Starcich, L Ratner, S. Josephs, T Okamoto, R. Gallo, and F Wong-Staal (1985)
Science 227, 538-540
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HTLV-III infection in brains of children and adults with AIDS encephalopathy.
G. Shaw, M. Harper, B. Hahn, L. Epstein, D. Gajdusek, R. Price, B. Navia, C. Petito, C. O'Hara, J. Groopman, et al. (1985)
Science 227, 177-182
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Directing the Immune Response to Carbohydrate Antigens.
G. Cunto-Amesty, T. K. Dam, P. Luo, B. Monzavi-Karbassi, C. F. Brewer, T. C. Van Cott, and T. Kieber-Emmons (2001)
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Palmitoylation of the HIV-1 envelope glycoprotein is critical for viral infectivity.
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PNAS 97, 13523-13525
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