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Science 8 June 1984:
Vol. 224. no. 4653, pp. 1121 - 1124
DOI: 10.1126/science.6719137

Articles

Science, Vol 224, Issue 4653, 1121-1124
Copyright © 1984 by American Association for the Advancement of Science


articles

Amplification of N-myc in untreated human neuroblastomas correlates with advanced disease stage

GM Brodeur, RC Seeger, M Schwab, HE Varmus, and JM Bishop

A domain of DNA designated N-myc is amplified 20- to 140-fold in human neuroblastoma cell lines but not in cell lines from other tumor types. N-myc has now been found to be amplified in neuroblastoma tissue from 24 of 63 untreated patients (38 percent). The extent of amplification appears to be bimodal, with amplification of 100- to 300-fold in 12 cases and 3- to 10-fold in 10 others. Amplification was found in 0 of 15 patients with stage 1 or 2 disease, whereas 24 of 48 cases (50 percent) with stage 3 or 4 had evidence of N-myc amplification. These data indicate that N-myc amplification is a common event in untreated human neuroblastomas. Furthermore, N-myc amplification is highly correlated with advanced stages of disease (P less than 0.001) and with the ability to grow in vitro as an established cell line, both of which are associated with a poor prognosis.


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T. Tajiri, X. Liu, P. M. Thompson, S. Tanaka, S. Suita, H. Zhao, J. M. Maris, G. C. Prendergast, and M. D. Hogarty (2003)
Clin. Cancer Res. 9, 3345-3355
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Quality Assessment of Genetic Markers Used for Therapy Stratification.
I.M. Ambros, J. Benard, M. Boavida, N. Bown, H. Caron, V. Combaret, J. Couturier, C. Darnfors, O. Delattre, J. Freeman-Edward, et al. (2003)
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Advances in the Diagnosis and Treatment of Neuroblastoma.
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Full-Length Telomerase Reverse Transcriptase Messenger RNA Is an Independent Prognostic Factor in Neuroblastoma.
M. Krams, B. Hero, F. Berthold, R. Parwaresch, D. Harms, and P. Rudolph (2003)
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E2F Proteins Regulate MYCN Expression in Neuroblastomas.
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Deletions in Chromosome Arms 3p and 11q Are New Prognostic Markers in Localized and 4s Neuroblastoma.
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   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Independent Amplification of Two Gene Clusters on Chromosome 4 in Rat Endometrial Cancer: Identification and Molecular Characterization.
A. Walentinsson, K. Helou, V. Wallenius, H. J. Hedrich, C. Szpirer, and G. Levan (2001)
Cancer Res. 61, 8263-8273
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Regulation of Telomerase Activity by Alternate Splicing of Human Telomerase Reverse Transcriptase mRNA in a Subset of Neuroblastomas.
M. Krams, A. Claviez, K. Heidorn, G. Krupp, R. Parwaresch, D. Harms, and P. Rudolph (2001)
Am. J. Pathol. 159, 1925-1932
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p16/p14ARF Cell Cycle Regulatory Pathways in Primary Neuroblastoma: p16 Expression Is Associated with Advanced Stage Disease.
M. Omura-Minamisawa, M. B. Diccianni, R. C. Chang, A. Batova, L. J. Bridgeman, J. Schiff, S. L. Cohn, W. B. London, and A. L. Yu (2001)
Clin. Cancer Res. 7, 3481-3490
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Association of Human DEAD Box Protein DDX1 with a Cleavage Stimulation Factor Involved in 3'-End Processing of Pre-mRNA.
S. Bleoo, X. Sun, M. J. Hendzel, J. M. Rowe, M. Packer, and R. Godbout (2001)
Mol. Biol. Cell 12, 3046-3059
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Expression of the cdc25B mRNA Correlated with that of N-myc in Neuroblastoma.
Y. Sato, H. Sasaki, S. Kondo, I. Fukai, M. Kiriyama, Y. Yamakawa, and Y. Fujii (2001)
Jpn. J. Clin. Oncol. 31, 428-431
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MYC Messenger RNA Expression Predicts Survival Outcome in Childhood Primitive Neuroectodermal Tumor/Medulloblastoma.
M. A. Grotzer, M. D. Hogarty, A. J. Janss, X. Liu, H. Zhao, A. Eggert, L. N. Sutton, L. B. Rorke, G. M. Brodeur, and P. C. Phillips (2001)
Clin. Cancer Res. 7, 2425-2433
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Parental Occupational Exposures to Chemicals and Incidence of Neuroblastoma in Offspring.
A. J. De Roos, A. F. Olshan, K. Teschke, C. Poole, D. A. Savitz, J. Blatt, M. L. Bondy, and B. H. Pollock (2001)
Am. J. Epidemiol. 154, 106-114
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Combined Automatic Immunological and Molecular Cytogenetic Analysis Allows Exact Identification and Quantification of Tumor Cells in the Bone Marrow.
G. Mehes, A. Luegmayr, I. M. Ambros, R. Ladenstein, and P. F. Ambros (2001)
Clin. Cancer Res. 7, 1969-1975
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Molecular Genetics of Neuroblastoma and the Implications for Clinical Management: A Review of the MSKCC Experience.
J. Mora, W. L. Gerald, J. Qin, and N.-K. V. Cheung (2001)
Oncologist 6, 263-268
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Circulating Neuroblastoma Cells Detected by Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction for Tyrosine Hydroxylase mRNA Are an Independent Poor Prognostic Indicator in Stage 4 Neuroblastoma in Children Over 1 Year.
S. A. Burchill, I. J. Lewis, K. R. Abrams, R. Riley, J. Imeson, A. D.J. Pearson, R. Pinkerton, and P. Selby (2001)
J. Clin. Oncol. 19, 1795-1801
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Treatment and Outcome of 83 Children With Intraspinal Neuroblastoma: The Pediatric Oncology Group Experience.
H. M. Katzenstein, P. M. Kent, W. B. London, and S. L. Cohn (2001)
J. Clin. Oncol. 19, 1047-1055
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Inhibition of N-myc Expression and Induction of Apoptosis by Iron Chelation in Human Neuroblastoma Cells.
L. Fan, J. Iyer, S. Zhu, K. K. Frick, R. K. Wada, A. E. Eskenazi, P. E. Berg, N. Ikegaki, R. H. Kennett, and C. N. Frantz (2001)
Cancer Res. 61, 1073-1079
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MYCN Expression in Neuroblastoma: A Mixed Message?.
K. K. Matthay (2000)
J. Clin. Oncol. 18, 3591-3594
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MYCN Expression Is Not Prognostic of Adverse Outcome in Advanced-Stage Neuroblastoma With Nonamplified MYCN.
S. L. Cohn, W. B. London, D. Huang, H. M. Katzenstein, H. R. Salwen, T. Reinhart, J. Madafiglio, G. M. Marshall, M. D. Norris, and M. Haber (2000)
J. Clin. Oncol. 18, 3604-3613
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Quantitative Determination of sst2 Gene Expression in Neuroblastoma Tumor Predicts Patient Outcome.
C. C. Raggi, M. Maggi, D. Renzi, A. Calabrò, M. L. Bagnoni, P. Scaruffi, G. P. Tonini, M. Pazzagli, B. De Bernardi, G. Bernini, et al. (2000)
J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab. 85, 3866-3873
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Distinct patterns of alteration of myc genes associated with integration of human papillomavirus type 16 or type 45 DNA in two genital tumours.
X. Sastre-Garau, M. Favre, J. Couturier, and G. Orth (2000)
J. Gen. Virol. 81, 1983-1993
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Enhanced Expression of N-myc Messenger RNA in Neuroblastomas Found by Mass Screening.
T. Matsunaga, H. Shirasawa, T. Hishiki, H. Yoshida, K. Kouchi, Y. Ohtsuka, K. Kawamura, T. Etoh, and N. Ohnuma (2000)
Clin. Cancer Res. 6, 3199-3204
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Telomerase Activity and Telomerase Subunits Gene Expression Patterns in Neuroblastoma: A Molecular and Immunohistochemical Study Establishing Prognostic Tools for Fresh-Frozen and Paraffin-Embedded Tissues.
C. Poremba, C. Scheel, B. Hero, H. Christiansen, K.-L. Schaefer, J.-i. Nakayama, F. Berthold, H. Juergens, W. Boecker, and B. Dockhorn-Dworniczak (2000)
J. Clin. Oncol. 18, 2582-2592
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Loss of Heterozygosity at 1p36 Independently Predicts for Disease Progression But Not Decreased Overall Survival Probability in Neuroblastoma Patients: A Children's Cancer Group Study.
J. M. Maris, M. J. Weiss, C. Guo, R. B. Gerbing, D. O. Stram, P. S. White, M. D. Hogarty, E. P. Sulman, P. M. Thompson, J. N. Lukens, et al. (2000)
J. Clin. Oncol. 18, 1888-1899
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Genome-wide Screen for Allelic Imbalance in a Mouse Model for Neuroblastoma.
W. A. Weiss, T. Godfrey, C. Francisco, and J. M. Bishop (2000)
Cancer Res. 60, 2483-2487
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Lysis of MYCN-amplified Neuroblastoma Cells by MYCN Peptide-specific Cytotoxic T Lymphocytes.
A. K. Sarkar and J. G. Nuchtern (2000)
Cancer Res. 60, 1908-1913
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Biologic Factors Determine Prognosis in Infants With Stage IV Neuroblastoma: A Prospective Children’s Cancer Group Study.
M. L. Schmidt, J. N. Lukens, R. C. Seeger, G. M. Brodeur, H. Shimada, R. B. Gerbing, D. O. Stram, C. Perez, G. M. Haase, and K. K. Matthay (2000)
J. Clin. Oncol. 18, 1260-1268
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TrkC Expression Predicts Good Clinical Outcome in Primitive Neuroectodermal Brain Tumors.
M. A. Grotzer, A. J. Janss, K.-M. Fung, J. A. Biegel, L. N. Sutton, L. B. Rorke, H. Zhao, A. Cnaan, P. C. Phillips, V. M.-Y. Lee, et al. (2000)
J. Clin. Oncol. 18, 1027
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Tumor progression and metastasis.
J. Yokota (2000)
Carcinogenesis 21, 497-503
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Biologic Variables in the Outcome of Stages I and II Neuroblastoma Treated With Surgery as Primary Therapy: A Children’s Cancer Group Study.
C. A. Perez, K. K. Matthay, J. B. Atkinson, R. C. Seeger, H. Shimada, G. M. Haase, D. O. Stram, R. B. Gerbing, and J. N. Lukens (2000)
J. Clin. Oncol. 18, 18
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