Note to users. If you're seeing this message, it means that your browser cannot find this page's style/presentation instructions -- or possibly that you are using a browser that does not support current Web standards. Find out more about why this message is appearing, and what you can do to make your experience of our site the best it can be.

Site Tools

  • AAAS
  • Subscribe
  • Feedback

Site Search

Search Advanced

Science 30 October 1981:
Vol. 214. no. 4520, pp. 573 - 575
DOI: 10.1126/science.7291998
Prev | Table of Contents | Next

Articles

Science, Vol 214, Issue 4520, 573-575
Copyright © 1981 by American Association for the Advancement of Science

articles

Persistent behavior at high rates maintained by intravenous self-administration of nicotine

Goldberg SR, RD Spealman, and DM Goldberg

Squirrel monkeys pressed a level at high rates under a second-order schedule of reinforcement in which level pressing produced a brief visual stimulus that was occasionally contiguous with an intravenous injection of nicotine. The rate of lever pressing could be markedly reduced either by substituting saline for nicotine injections or by blocking the effects of nicotine with mecamylamine. The rate of level pressing could be reduced by eliminating the brief visual stimulus. These results show that nicotine can function as an effective reinforcer under a second-order schedule of drug self-administration and that an environmental stimulus associated with nicotine intake can contribute to the maintenance of persistent drug-seeking behavior.


THIS ARTICLE HAS BEEN CITED BY OTHER ARTICLES:
The psychobiology of nicotine dependence.
D. J. K. Balfour (2008)
Eur. Respir. Rev. 17, 172-181
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Pleiotropic impact of constitutive fosB inactivation on nicotine-induced behavioral alterations and stress-related traits in mice.
H. Zhu, M. Lee, S. Agatsuma, and N. Hiroi (2007)
Hum. Mol. Genet. 16, 820-836
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Measuring the reinforcing strength of abused drugs..
J. Bergman and C. A. Paronis (2006)
Mol. Interv. 6, 273-283
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
A neurocomputational hypothesis for nicotine addiction.
B. S. Gutkin, S. Dehaene, and J.-P. Changeux (2006)
PNAS 103, 1106-1111
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Monoamine Oxidase Inhibition Dramatically Increases the Motivation to Self-Administer Nicotine in Rats.
K. Guillem, C. Vouillac, M. R. Azar, L. H. Parsons, G. F. Koob, M. Cador, and L. Stinus (2005)
J. Neurosci. 25, 8593-8600
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Cannabinoid CB1 Receptor Antagonists as Promising New Medications for Drug Dependence.
B. Le Foll and S. R. Goldberg (2005)
J. Pharmacol. Exp. Ther. 312, 875-883
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Nicotine addiction and smoking cessation treatments.
J. Luty (2002)
Advan. Psychiatr. Treat. 8, 42-48
   Full Text »    PDF »
Cigarette Smoking.
A. W. Bergen and N. Caporaso (1999)
J Natl Cancer Inst 91, 1365-1375
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Blowing smoke: how cigarette manufacturers argued that nicotine is not addictive.
J. SHARFSTEIN (1999)
Tob. Control 8, 210-213
   Full Text »


To Advertise     Find Products

Science. ISSN 0036-8075 (print), 1095-9203 (online)