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Science 7 August 1981:
Vol. 213. no. 4508, pp. 679 - 681
DOI: 10.1126/science.7256272
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Articles

Science, Vol 213, Issue 4508, 679-681
Copyright © 1981 by American Association for the Advancement of Science

articles

The development of human fetal eye movement patterns

JC Birnholz

The eye can be visualized ultrasonically in more than 90 percent of fetuses 16 through 42 weeks of gestational age. Slow eye movements are present by 16 weeks. Rapid eye movements begin at 23 weeks and become more frequent between 24 and 35 weeks. Eye inactivity becomes more common after 36 weeks and is associated with sustained diaphragmatic excursions implying a "quiet sleep" state. Pathologic eye movements were seen in four fetuses with dysmorphic brain structure.


THIS ARTICLE HAS BEEN CITED BY OTHER ARTICLES:
Abnormal Behavioral Patterns in the Human Fetus at Term: Correlation with Lesion Sites in the Central Nervous System after Birth.
T. Koyanagi, N. Horimoto, H. Maeda, J. Kukita, T. Minami, K. Ueda, and H. Nakano (1993)
J Child Neurol 8, 19-26
   Abstract »    PDF »
The development of human fetal hearing.
J. Birnholz and B. Benacerraf (1983)
Science 222, 516-518
   Abstract »    PDF »
Antenatal Treatment of Hydrocephalus by Ventriculoamniotic Shunting.
F. D. Frigoletto Jr, J. C. Birnholz, and M. F. Greene (1982)
JAMA 248, 2496-2497
   Abstract »    PDF »
Does the Fetus Think?.
N. H. Lauersen, Z. Graves, and H. M. Hochberg (1982)
JAMA 247, 3184-3185
   Abstract »    PDF »
Eye movement patterns in infants.
E Aserinsky (1982)
Science 215, 1274
   PDF »


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