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Science 9 January 1981:
Vol. 211. no. 4478, pp. 182 - 185
DOI: 10.1126/science.6255566
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Articles

Science, Vol 211, Issue 4478, 182-185
Copyright © 1981 by American Association for the Advancement of Science

articles

2-amino-4-phosphonobutyric acid: a new pharmacological tool for retina research

MM Slaughter and RF Miller

Information processing in the vertebrate retina occurs in two separate channels known as ON and OFF channels. When intracellular electrophysiological recordings were obtained from the perfused retina-eyecup preparation of the mud-puppy (Necturus maculosus), the addition of 2-amino-4-phosphonobutyric acid to the bathing medium blocked all responses in the ON channel but left intact the OFF responses including OFF ganglion cell discharge. 2-Amino-4-phosphonobutyric acid blocks the light response of the ON bipolar cell by mimicking the endogenous photoreceptor transmitter.


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Intensity-Dependent, Rapid Activation of Presynaptic Metabotropic Glutamate Receptors at a Central Synapse.
G. B. Awatramani and M. M. Slaughter (2001)
J. Neurosci. 21, 741-749
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Primate Photopic Sine-Wave Flicker ERG: Vector Modeling Analysis of Component Origins Using Glutamate Analogs.
M. Kondo and P. A. Sieving (2001)
Invest. Ophthalmol. Vis. Sci. 42, 305-312
   Abstract »    Full Text »
Voltage-Dependent Na+ Currents in Mammalian Retinal Cone Bipolar Cells.
Z.-H. Pan and H.-J. Hu (2000)
J Neurophysiol 84, 2564-2571
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Origin of Transient and Sustained Responses in Ganglion Cells of the Retina.
G. B. Awatramani and M. M. Slaughter (2000)
J. Neurosci. 20, 7087-7095
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Functional Architecture of Synapses in the Inner Retina: Segregation of Visual Signals by Stratification of Bipolar Cell Axon Terminals.
S. M. Wu, F. Gao, and B. R. Maple (2000)
J. Neurosci. 20, 4462-4470
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Light-Evoked Excitatory Synaptic Currents of X-Type Retinal Ganglion Cells.
E. D. Cohen (2000)
J Neurophysiol 83, 3217-3229
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
I4AA-Sensitive Chloride Current Contributes to the Center Light Responses of Bipolar Cells in the Tiger Salamander Retina.
F. Gao, B. R. Maple, and S. M. Wu (2000)
J Neurophysiol 83, 3473-3482
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Rate of Quantal Excitation to a Retinal Ganglion Cell Evoked by Sensory Input.
M. A. Freed (2000)
J Neurophysiol 83, 2956-2966
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Distinct Ionotropic GABA Receptors Mediate Presynaptic and Postsynaptic Inhibition in Retinal Bipolar Cells.
C. R. Shields, M. N. Tran, R. O. L. Wong, and P. D. Lukasiewicz (2000)
J. Neurosci. 20, 2673-2682
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Axonal stratification patterns and glutamate-gated conductance mechanisms in zebrafish retinal bipolar cells.
V P Connaughton and R Nelson (2000)
J. Physiol. 524, 135-146
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Necessity for Afferent Activity to Maintain Eye-Specific Segregation in Ferret Lateral Geniculate Nucleus.
B. Chapman (2000)
Science 287, 2479-2482
   Abstract »    Full Text »
Surround inhibition of mammalian AII amacrine cells is generated in the proximal retina.
S. A Bloomfield and D. Xin (2000)
J. Physiol. 523, 771-783
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Cortical Cell Orientation Selectivity Fails to Develop in the Absence of ON-Center Retinal Ganglion Cell Activity.
B. Chapman and I. Godecke (2000)
J. Neurosci. 20, 1922-1930
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Three Levels of Lateral Inhibition: A Space-Time Study of the Retina of the Tiger Salamander.
B. Roska, E. Nemeth, L. Orzo, and F. S. Werblin (2000)
J. Neurosci. 20, 1941-1951
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Differential Expression of High- and Two Types of Low-Voltage-Activated Calcium Currents in Rod and Cone Bipolar Cells of the Rat Retina.
Z.-H. Pan (2000)
J Neurophysiol 83, 513-527
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Human Melanoma-Associated Retinopathy (MAR) Antibodies Alter the Retinal ON-Response of the Monkey ERG In Vivo.
B. Lei, R. A. Bush, A. H. Milam, and P. A. Sieving (2000)
Invest. Ophthalmol. Vis. Sci. 41, 262-266
   Abstract »    Full Text »
Segregation of On and Off Bipolar Cell Axonal Arbors in the Absence of Retinal Ganglion Cells.
E. Gunhan-Agar, D. Kahn, and L. M. Chalupa (2000)
J. Neurosci. 20, 306-314
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Developmental Changes in the Neurotransmitter Regulation of Correlated Spontaneous Retinal Activity.
W. T. Wong, K. L. Myhr, E. D. Miller, and R. O. L. Wong (2000)
J. Neurosci. 20, 351-360
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
An alternative pathway for rod signals in the rodent retina: Rod photoreceptors, cone bipolar cells, and the localization of glutamate receptors.
I. Hack, L. Peichl, and J. H. Brandstatter (1999)
PNAS 96, 14130-14135
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Functional Circuitry of the Retinal Ganglion Cell's Nonlinear Receptive Field.
J. B. Demb, L. Haarsma, M. A. Freed, and P. Sterling (1999)
J. Neurosci. 19, 9756-9767
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Contrast Rectification and Distributed Encoding By ON-OFF Amacrine Cells in the Retina.
D. A. Burkhardt and P. K. Fahey (1999)
J Neurophysiol 82, 1676-1688
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Modulation of the intracellular calcium concentration in photoreceptor terminals by a presynaptic metabotropic glutamate receptor.
P. Koulen, R. Kuhn, H. Wassle, and J. H. Brandstatter (1999)
PNAS 96, 9909-9914
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
The Metabotropic Receptor mGluR6 May Signal Through Go, But Not Phosphodiesterase, in Retinal Bipolar Cells.
S. Nawy (1999)
J. Neurosci. 19, 2938-2944
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Interactions of Inhibition and Excitation in the Light-Evoked Currents of X Type Retinal Ganglion Cells.
E. D. Cohen (1998)
J Neurophysiol 80, 2975-2990
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Metabotropic and ionotropic glutamate receptors regulate calcium channel currents in salamander retinal ganglion cells.
W. Shen and M. M Slaughter (1998)
J. Physiol. 510, 815-828
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Blockade of Glutamate-Mediated Activity in the Developing Retina Perturbs the Functional Segregation of ON and OFF Pathways.
S. Bisti, C. Gargini, and L. M. Chalupa (1998)
J. Neurosci. 18, 5019-5025
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Circadian Rhythms of Rod-Cone Dominance in the Japanese Quail Retina.
M. K. Manglapus, H. Uchiyama, N. F. Buelow, and R. B. Barlow (1998)
J. Neurosci. 18, 4775-4784
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Glycinergic synaptic inputs to bipolar cells in the salamander retina.
B. R Maple and S. M Wu (1998)
J. Physiol. 506, 731-744
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Functional Coupling of a Human Retinal Metabotropic Glutamate Receptor (hmGluR6) to Bovine Rod Transducin and Rat Go in an in Vitro Reconstitution System.
K. Weng, C.-C. Lu, L. P. Daggett, R. Kuhn, P. J. Flor, E. C. Johnson, and P. R. Robinson (1997)
J. Biol. Chem. 272, 33100-33104
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
The mGluR6 5' Upstream Transgene Sequence Directs a Cell-Specific and Developmentally Regulated Expression in Retinal Rod and ON-Type Cone Bipolar Cells.
Y. Ueda, H. Iwakabe, M. Masu, M. Suzuki, and S. Nakanishi (1997)
J. Neurosci. 17, 3014-3023
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
An excitatory amino acid antagonist blocks cone input to sign-conserving second-order retinal neurons.
M. Slaughter and R. Miller (1983)
Science 219, 1230-1232
   Abstract »    PDF »


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