Note to users. If you're seeing this message, it means that your browser cannot find this page's style/presentation instructions -- or possibly that you are using a browser that does not support current Web standards. Find out more about why this message is appearing, and what you can do to make your experience of our site the best it can be.

Science 12 December 1980:
Vol. 210. no. 4475, pp. 1264 - 1267
DOI: 10.1126/science.7434029
Prev | Table of Contents | Next

Articles

Science, Vol 210, Issue 4475, 1264-1267
Copyright © 1980 by American Association for the Advancement of Science

articles

Human sleep: its duration and organization depend on its circadian phase

CA Czeisler, E Weitzman, MC Moore-Ede, JC Zimmerman, and RS Knauer

Two- to threefold variations in sleep length were observed in 12 subjects living on self-selected schedules in an environment free of time cues. The duration of polygraphically recorded sleep episodes was highly correlated with the circadian phase of the body temperature rhythm at bedtime and not with the length of prior wakefulness. Furthermore, the rate of REM (rapid eye movement) sleep accumulation , REM latency, bedtime selection, and self-rated alertness assessments were also correlated with the body temperature rhythm.


THIS ARTICLE HAS BEEN CITED BY OTHER ARTICLES:
The preproghrelin gene is required for the normal integration of thermoregulation and sleep in mice.
E. Szentirmai, L. Kapas, Y. Sun, R. G. Smith, and J. M. Krueger (2009)
PNAS 106, 14069-14074
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Circadian Rhythm Sleep Disorders.
P. C. Zee (2009)
ACCP Sleep Med Brd Rev 4, 63-76
   Full Text »    PDF »
Sleep and Wake Neuroscience.
P. C. Zee (2009)
ACCP Sleep Med Brd Rev 4, 153-162
   Full Text »    PDF »
Time trends in sleep-onset difficulties among Norwegian adolescents: 1983--2005.
S. Pallesen, J. Hetland, B. Sivertsen, O. Samdal, T. Torsheim, and I. H. Nordhus (2008)
Scand J Public Health 36, 889-895
   Abstract »    PDF »
The Impact of Sleep Timing and Bright Light Exposure on Attentional Impairment during Night Work.
N. Santhi, D. Aeschbach, T. S. Horowitz, and C. A. Czeisler (2008)
J Biol Rhythms 23, 341-352
   Abstract »    PDF »
Circadian desynchronization of core body temperature and sleep stages in the rat.
T. Cambras, J. R. Weller, M. Angles-Pujoras, M. L. Lee, A. Christopher, A. Diez-Noguera, J. M. Krueger, and H. O. de la Iglesia (2007)
PNAS 104, 7634-7639
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Sleep and Circadian Rhythms in Humans.
C. A. Czeisler and J. J. Gooley (2007)
Cold Spring Harb Symp Quant Biol 72, 579-597
   Abstract »    PDF »
Polysomnographic and Clinical Correlates of Behaviorally Observed Daytime Sleep in Nursing Home Residents.
Y. W. Endeshaw, J. G. Ouslander, J. F. Schnelle, and D. L. Bliwise (2007)
J. Gerontol. A Biol. Sci. Med. Sci. 62, 55-61
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Entrainment of the Human Circadian System by Light.
J. F. Duffy and K. P. Wright Jr. (2005)
J Biol Rhythms 20, 326-338
   Abstract »    PDF »
Relative Coordination to Unknown "Weak Zeitgebers" in Free-Running Blind Individuals.
J. S. Emens, A. J. Lewy, B. J. Lefler, and R. L. Sack (2005)
J Biol Rhythms 20, 159-167
   Abstract »    PDF »
Homeostatic regulation of sleep in arrhythmic Siberian hamsters.
J. E. Larkin, T. Yokogawa, H. C. Heller, P. Franken, and N. F. Ruby (2004)
Am J Physiol Regulatory Integrative Comp Physiol 287, R104-R111
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Entrainment of 2 Subjective Nights by Daily Light:Dark:Light:Dark Cycles in 3 Rodent Species.
M. R. Gorman and J. A. Elliott (2003)
J Biol Rhythms 18, 502-512
   Abstract »    PDF »
The impact of a week of simulated night work on sleep, circadian phase, and performance.
N Lamond, J Dorrian, G D Roach, K McCulloch, A L Holmes, H J Burgess, A Fletcher, and D Dawson (2003)
Occup. Environ. Med. 60, e13-13
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
The Effects of Low-Dose 0.5-mg Melatonin on the Free-Running Circadian Rhythms of Blind Subjects.
L. M. Hack, S. W. Lockley, J. Arendt, and D. J. Skene (2003)
J Biol Rhythms 18, 420-429
   Abstract »    PDF »
Stability of Sleep Timing against the Melatonin Secretion Rhythm with Advancing Age: Clinical Implications.
T. Tozawa, K. Mishima, K. Satoh, M. Echizenya, T. Shimizu, and Y. Hishikawa (2003)
J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab. 88, 4689-4695
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Period and Phase Adjustments of Human Circadian Rhythms in the Real World.
K.-i. Honma, S. Hashimoto, M. Nakao, and S. Honma (2003)
J Biol Rhythms 18, 261-270
   Abstract »    PDF »
Awakening to the Behavioral Analysis of Sleep in Drosophila.
P. Shaw (2003)
J Biol Rhythms 18, 4-11
   Abstract »    PDF »
Masking Effects of Posture and Sleep Onset on Core Body Temperature Have Distinct Circadian Rhythms: Results from a 90-Min/Day Protocol.
D. E. Moul, H. Ombao, T. H. Monk, Q. Chen, and D. J. Buysse (2002)
J Biol Rhythms 17, 447-462
   Abstract »    PDF »
Functional Genomics of Sleep and Circadian Rhythm: Invited Review: Integration of human sleep-wake regulation and circadian rhythmicity.
D.-J. Dijk and S. W. Lockley (2002)
J Appl Physiol 92, 852-862
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Peak of circadian melatonin rhythm occurs later within the sleep of older subjects.
J. F. Duffy, J. M. Zeitzer, D. W. Rimmer, E. B. Klerman, D.-J. Dijk, and C. A. Czeisler (2002)
Am J Physiol Endocrinol Metab 282, E297-E303
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Dimensions of Arousal: Wakefulness and Vigor.
S. J. Dickman (2002)
Human Factors: The Journal of the Human Factors and Ergonomics Society 44, 429-442
   Abstract »    PDF »
Circadian rhythms and sleep have additive effects on respiration in the rat.
R. Stephenson, K. S. Liao, H. Hamrahi, and R. L Horner (2001)
J. Physiol. 536, 225-235
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
""Sleep Is Not Tangible"" or What the Hebrew Tradition Has to Say About Sleep.
S. Ancoli-Israel (2001)
Psychosom Med 63, 778-787
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Enhancement of REM sleep during extraocular light exposure in humans.
P. J. Murphy and S. S. Campbell (2001)
Am J Physiol Regulatory Integrative Comp Physiol 280, R1606-R1612
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Measuring Circadian Temperature Rhythm.
S. K. Hanneman (2001)
Biol Res Nurs 2, 236-248
   Abstract »    PDF »
Differential Circadian Rhythm Disturbances in Men with Alzheimer Disease and Frontotemporal Degeneration.
D. G. Harper, E. G. Stopa, A. C. McKee, A. Satlin, P. C. Harlan, R. Goldstein, and L. Volicer (2001)
Arch Gen Psychiatry 58, 353-360
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
The Circadian Clock Mutation Alters Sleep Homeostasis in the Mouse.
E. Naylor, B. M. Bergmann, K. Krauski, P. C. Zee, J. S. Takahashi, M. H. Vitaterna, and F. W. Turek (2000)
J. Neurosci. 20, 8138-8143
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Circadian and Homeostatic Control of Rapid Eye Movement (REM) Sleep: Promotion of REM Tendency by the Suprachiasmatic Nucleus.
S. W. Wurts and D. M. Edgar (2000)
J. Neurosci. 20, 4300-4310
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Functional link between distal vasodilation and sleep-onset latency?.
K. Krauchi, C. Cajochen, E. Werth, and A. Wirz-Justice (2000)
Am J Physiol Regulatory Integrative Comp Physiol 278, R741-R748
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Hypoxic depression of circadian rhythms in adult rats.
J. P. Mortola and E. L. Seifert (2000)
J Appl Physiol 88, 365-368
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Circadian temperature and melatonin rhythms, sleep, and neurobehavioral function in humans living on a 20-h day.
J. K. Wyatt, A. R.-D. Cecco, C. A. Czeisler, and D.-J. Dijk (1999)
Am J Physiol Regulatory Integrative Comp Physiol 277, R1152-R1163
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Stability, Precision, and Near-24-Hour Period of the Human Circadian Pacemaker.
C. A. Czeisler, J. F. Duffy, T. L. Shanahan, E. N. Brown, J. F. Mitchell, D. W. Rimmer, J. M. Ronda, E. J. Silva, J. S. Allan, J. S. Emens, et al. (1999)
Science 284, 2177-2181
   Abstract »    Full Text »
Ageing and the circadian and homeostatic regulation of human sleep during forced desynchrony of rest, melatonin and temperature rhythms.
D.-J. Dijk, J. F Duffy, E. Riel, T. L Shanahan, and C. A Czeisler (1999)
J. Physiol. 516, 611-627
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Circadian and Ultradian Variations of Leptin in Normal Man under Continuous Enteral Nutrition: Relationship to Sleep and Body Temperature.
C. Simon, C. Gronfier, J. L. Schlienger, and G. Brandenberger (1998)
J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab. 83, 1893-1899
   Abstract »    Full Text »
Experimental separation of time of day and homeostatic influences on sleep.
T. Akerstedt, K. Hume, D. Minors, and J. Waterhouse (1998)
Am J Physiol Regulatory Integrative Comp Physiol 274, R1162-R1168
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Modafinil Induces Wakefulness Without Intensifying Motor Activity or Subsequent Rebound Hypersomnolence in the Rat.
D. M. Edgar and W. F. Seidel (1997)
J. Pharmacol. Exp. Ther. 283, 757-769
   Abstract »    Full Text »
Correlations between Sleep and Wake in Internally Synchronized and Desynchronized Circadian Rhythms in Humans under Prolonged Isolation.
M.K. Chandrashekaran, G. Marimuthu, and L. Geetha (1997)
J Biol Rhythms 12, 26-33
   Abstract »    PDF »
Light Treatment for Sleep Disorders: Consensus Report: II. Basic Properties of Circadian Physiology and Sleep Regulation.
D.-J. Dijk, Z. Boulos, C. I. Eastman, A. J. Lewy, S. S. Campbell, and M. Terman (1995)
J Biol Rhythms 10, 113-125
   Abstract »    PDF »
Light Treatment for Sleep Disorders: Consensus Report: IV. Sleep Phase and Duration Disturbances.
M. Terman, A. J. Lewy, D.-J. Dijk, Z. Boulos, C. I. Eastman, and S. S. Campbell (1995)
J Biol Rhythms 10, 135-147
   Abstract »    PDF »
Light Treatment for Sleep Disorders: Consensus Report: VI. Shift Work.
C. I. Eastman, Z. Boulos, M. Terman, S. S. Campbell, D.-J. Dijk, and A. J. Lewy (1995)
J Biol Rhythms 10, 157-164
   Abstract »    PDF »
Circadian Determinants of Subjective Alertness.
T. H. Monk, M. L. Moline, J. E. Fookson, and S. M. Peetz (1989)
J Biol Rhythms 4, 393-404
   Abstract »    PDF »
Bright light induction of strong (type 0) resetting of the human circadian pacemaker.
C. Czeisler, R. Kronauer, J. Allan, J. Duffy, M. Jewett, E. Brown, and J. Ronda (1989)
Science 244, 1328-1333
   Abstract »    PDF »
Light Effects on Human Circadian Rhythms: A Review of Recent Andechs Experiments.
R. A. Wever (1989)
J Biol Rhythms 4, 49-73
   PDF »
Open Peer Commentary: The Mathematical Structure of the Human Sleep- Wake Cycle (Lecture Notes in Biomathematics, Vol. 69) by Steven H. Strogatz (1986), Springer-Verlag, Berlin.
S. H. Strogatz (1987)
J Biol Rhythms 2, 317-329
   PDF »
EEG Power Density during Nap Sleep: Reflection of an Hourglass Measuring the Duration of Prior Wakefulness.
D. J. Dijk, D. G. M. Beersma, and S. Daan (1987)
J Biol Rhythms 2, 207-219
   Abstract »    PDF »
Bright light resets the human circadian pacemaker independent of the timing of the sleep-wake cycle.
C. Czeisler, J. Allan, S. Strogatz, J. Ronda, R Sanchez, C. Rios, W. Freitag, G. Richardson, and R. Kronauer (1986)
Science 233, 667-671
   Abstract »    PDF »
Sleep in the Prader-Willi Syndrome: Clinical and Polygraphic Findings.
A. Vela-Bueno, A. Kales, C. R. Soldatos, B. Dobladez-Blanco, J. Campos-Castello, P. Espino-Hurtado, and J. Olivan-Palacios (1984)
Arch Neurol 41, 294-296
   Abstract »    PDF »
The Sleep of Patients With Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder.
T. R. Insel, J. C. Gillin, A. Moore, W. B. Mendelson, R. J. Loewenstein, and D. L. Murphy (1982)
Arch Gen Psychiatry 39, 1372-1377
   Abstract »    PDF »
Rotating shift work schedules that disrupt sleep are improved by applying circadian principles.
C. Czeisler, M. Moore-Ede, and R. Coleman (1982)
Science 217, 460-463
   Abstract »    PDF »
Delayed Sleep Phase Syndrome: A Chronobiological Disorder With Sleep-Onset Insomnia.
E. D. Weitzman, C. A. Czeisler, R. M. Coleman, A. J. Spielman, J. C. Zimmerman, W. Dement, and C. P. Pollak (1981)
Arch Gen Psychiatry 38, 737-746
   Abstract »    PDF »


To Advertise     Find Products

Science. ISSN 0036-8075 (print), 1095-9203 (online)