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Science 28 April 1978:
Vol. 200. no. 4340, pp. 403 - 411
DOI: 10.1126/science.200.4340.403
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Articles

Aleuts, Sea Otters, and Alternate Stable-State Communities

Charles A. Simenstad 1, James A. Estes 2, and Karl W. Kenyon

1 Staff of Fisheries Research Institute, College of Fisheries, University of Washington, Seattle 98195
2 Biologist with the Anchorage Field Station of the National Fish and Wildlife Laboratory, U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, and Affiliate Assistant Professor with the Center for Quantitative Science, University of Washington

Reexamination of stratified faunal components of a prehistoric Aleut midden excavated on Amchitka Island, Alaska, indicates that Aleut prey items changed dramatically during 2500 years of aboriginal occupation. Recent ecological studies in the Aleutian Islands have shown the concurrent existence of two alternate stable nearshore communities, one dominated by macroalgae, the other by epibenthic herbivores, which are respectively maintained by the presence or absence of dense sea otter populations. Thus, rather than cultural shifts in food preference, the changes in Aleut prey were probably the result of local overexploitation of sea otters by aboriginal Aleuts.


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