Night-Shocker: Predatory Behavior of the Pacific Electric Ray (Torpedo californica)
RICHARD N. BRAY 1 and
MARK A. HIXON 1
1 Marine Science Institute and Department of Biological Sciences, University of California, Santa Barbara 93106
Diving observations off Santa Barbara, California, indicate that Pacific electric rays (Torpedo californica) enter inshore reefs at night and actively prey on fish with the aid of powerful electric discharges.
Submitted on August 22, 1977
Revised on December 7, 1977