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Science 8 August 1975:
Vol. 189. no. 4201, pp. 457 - 459
DOI: 10.1126/science.189.4201.457
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Articles

Solar Proton Events: Stratospheric Sources of Nitric Oxide

Paul J. Crutzen 1, Ivar S. A. Isaksen 2, and George C. Reid 2

1 Aeronomy Laboratory, National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, Boulder, Colorado 80302 and National Center for Atmospheric Research, Upper Atmosphere Project, Boulder 80303
2 Aeronomy Laboratory, National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, Boulder 80302

The production of nitric oxide (NO) in the stratosphere during each of the solar proton events of November 1960, September 1966, and August 1972 is calculated to have been comparable to or larger than the total average annual production of NO by the action of galactic cosmic rays. It is therefore very important to consider the effect of solar proton events on the temporal and spatial distribution of ozone in the stratosphere. A study of ozone distribution after such events may be particularly important for validating photochemical-diffusion models.


THIS ARTICLE HAS BEEN CITED BY OTHER ARTICLES:
Changing Composition of the Global Stratosphere.
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Changes in Stratospheric Ozone.
R. J. CICERONE (1987)
Science 237, 35-42
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The Sun's Influence on the Earh's Atmosphere and Interplanetary Space.
J. V. Evans (1982)
Science 216, 467-474
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Solar Proton Event: Influence on Stratospheric Ozone.
D. F. HEATH, A. J. KRUEGER, and P. J. CRUTZEN (1977)
Science 197, 886-889
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Energetic Radiation Belt Electron Precipitation: A Natural Depletion Mechanism for Stratospheric Ozone.
R. M. THORNE (1977)
Science 195, 287-289
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Eleven-Year Variation in Polar Ozone and Stratospheric-Ion Chemistry.
M. A. Ruderman, M. A. RUDERMAN, H. M. FOLEY, and J. W. CHAMBERLAIN (1976)
Science 192, 555-557
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Science. ISSN 0036-8075 (print), 1095-9203 (online)