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Science 9 February 1973:
Vol. 179. no. 4073, pp. 575 - 577
DOI: 10.1126/science.179.4073.575
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Articles

Dopaminergic and Noradrenergic Substrates of Positive Reinforcement: Differential Effects of d- and l-Amphetamine

Anthony G. Phillips 1 and Hans C. Fibiger 2

1 Department of Psychology, University of British Columbia, Vancouver 8, B.C.
2 Division of Neurological Sciences, Department of Psychiatry, University of British Columbia

Intracranial self-stimulation was elicited from electrodes located in either the lateral hypothalamus or substantia nigra of the rat. Facilitatory effects of d- and l-isomers of amphetamine on self-stimulation were assessed. The d-isomer was seven to ten times more effective than the l-isomer at the hypothalamic placement, whereas the two isomers were equipotent for substantia nigra electrodes. These data support the hypothesis that both dopaminergic and noradrenergic systems subserve positive reinforcement.


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