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Science 12 November 1965:
Vol. 150. no. 3698, pp. 893 - 899
DOI: 10.1126/science.150.3698.893
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Articles

Bone: Formation by Autoinduction

Marshall R. Urist 1

1 Department of Surgery, University of California Center for Health Sciences, Los Angeles 90024

Wandering histiocytes, foreign body giant cells, and inflammatory connective-tissue cells are stimulated by degradation products of dead matrix to grow in and repopulate the area of an implant of decalcified bone. Histiocytes are more numerous than any other cell form and may transfer collagenolytic activity to the substrate to cause dissolution of the matrix. The process is followed immediately by new-bone formation by autoinduction in which both the inductor cells and the induced cells are derived from ingrowing cells of the host bed. The inductor cell is a descendant of a wandering histiocyte; the induced cell is a fixed histiocyte or perivascular young connective-tissue cell. Differentiation of the osteoprogenitor cell is elicited by local alterations in cell metabolic cycles that are as yet uncharacterized.


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BMP-2-induced Runx2 Expression Is Mediated by Dlx5, and TGF-{beta}1 Opposes the BMP-2-induced Osteoblast Differentiation by Suppression of Dlx5 Expression.
M.-H. Lee, Y.-J. Kim, H.-J. Kim, H.-D. Park, A.-R. Kang, H.-M. Kyung, J.-H. Sung, J. M. Wozney, H.-J. Kim, and H.-M. Ryoo (2003)
J. Biol. Chem. 278, 34387-34394
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BMPER, a Novel Endothelial Cell Precursor-Derived Protein, Antagonizes Bone Morphogenetic Protein Signaling and Endothelial Cell Differentiation.
M. Moser, O. Binder, Y. Wu, J. Aitsebaomo, R. Ren, C. Bode, V. L. Bautch, F. L. Conlon, and C. Patterson (2003)
Mol. Cell. Biol. 23, 5664-5679
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Osteogenic Activity of the Fourteen Types of Human Bone Morphogenetic Proteins (BMPs).
H. Cheng, W. Jiang, F. M. Phillips, R. C. Haydon, Y. Peng, L. Zhou, H. H. Luu, N. An, B. Breyer, P. Vanichakarn, et al. (2003)
J. Bone Joint Surg. Am. 85, 1544-1552
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What's New in Spine Surgery.
J. E. Zigler, P. A. Anderson, S. D. Boden, K. H Bridwell, and A. R. Vaccaro (2003)
J. Bone Joint Surg. Am. 85, 1626-1636
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Marshall R. Urist: A Renaissance Scientist and Orthopaedic Surgeon.
A. H. Reddi (2003)
J. Bone Joint Surg. Am. 85, 3-7
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Signal Transduction of Bone Morphogenetic Proteins in Osteoblast Differentiation.
P. t. Dijke, J. Fu, P. Schaap, and B. A.J. Roelen (2003)
J. Bone Joint Surg. Am. 85, 34-38
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Structural Basis of BMP Signaling Inhibition by Noggin, a Novel Twelve-Membered Cystine Knot Protein.
J. Groppe, J. Greenwald, E. Wiater, J. Rodriguez-Leon, A. N. Economides, W. Kwiatkowski, K. Baban, M. Affolter, W. W. Vale, J. C. Belmonte, et al. (2003)
J. Bone Joint Surg. Am. 85, 52-58
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Clinical Applications of Recombinant Human BMPs: Early Experience and Future Development.
T. A. Einhorn (2003)
J. Bone Joint Surg. Am. 85