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Originally published in Science Express on 5 June 2008
Science 20 June 2008:
Vol. 320. no. 5883, pp. 1629 - 1631
DOI: 10.1126/science.1158078
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Reports

Natural Selection Shapes Genome-Wide Patterns of Copy-Number Polymorphism in Drosophila melanogaster

J. J. Emerson,1,2*{dagger} Margarida Cardoso-Moreira,1,3,4*{dagger} Justin O. Borevitz,1 Manyuan Long1

The role that natural selection plays in governing the locations and early evolution of copy-number mutations remains largely unexplored. We used high-density full-genome tiling arrays to create a fine-scale genomic map of copy-number polymorphisms (CNPs) in Drosophila melanogaster. We inferred a total of 2658 independent CNPs, 56% of which overlap genes. These include CNPs that are likely to be under positive selection, most notably high-frequency duplications encompassing toxin-response genes. The locations and frequencies of CNPs are strongly shaped by purifying selection, with deletions under stronger purifying selection than duplications. Among duplications, those overlapping exons or introns, as well as those falling on the X chromosome, seem to be subject to stronger purifying selection.

1 Department of Ecology and Evolution, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637, USA.
2 Genomics Research Center, Academia Sinica, Taipei 115, Taiwan.
3 Graduate Program in Areas of Basic and Applied Biology, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal.
4 Faculdade de Ciências, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal.

* These authors contributed equally to this work.

{dagger} To whom correspondence should be addressed. E-mail: jje{at}uchicago.edu (J.J.E.); mmoreira{at}uchicago.edu (M.C.M.)

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