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Submitted on October 9, 2007
Accepted on November 14, 2007
Induced Pluripotent Stem Cell Lines Derived from Human Somatic Cells
Junying Yu 1*,Maxim A. Vodyanik 2,Kim Smuga-Otto 1,Jessica Antosiewicz-Bourget 1,Jennifer L Frane 3,Shulan Tian 4,Jeff Nie 4,Gudrun A. Jonsdottir 4,Victor Ruotti 4,Ron Stewart 4,Igor I. Slukvin 5,James A. Thomson 6*
1 Genome Center of Wisconsin, Madison, WI 53706-1580, USA.; Wisconsin National Primate Research Center, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53715-1299, USA. 2 Wisconsin National Primate Research Center, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53715-1299, USA. 3 Genome Center of Wisconsin, Madison, WI 53706-1580, USA. 4 WiCell Research Institute, Madison, WI 53707-7365, USA. 5 Wisconsin National Primate Research Center, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53715-1299, USA.; Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53706, USA. 6 Genome Center of Wisconsin, Madison, WI 53706-1580, USA.; Wisconsin National Primate Research Center, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53715-1299, USA.; Department of Anatomy, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53706-1509, USA.
* To whom correspondence should be addressed.
Junying Yu , E-mail: jyu{at}primate.wisc.edu James A. Thomson , E-mail: thomson{at}primate.wisc.edu
Somatic cell nuclear transfer allows trans-acting factors presentin the mammalian oocyte to reprogram somatic cell nuclei toan undifferentiated state. Here we show that four factors (OCT4,SOX2, NANOG, and LIN28) are sufficient to reprogram human somaticcells to pluripotent stem cells that exhibit the essential characteristicsof embryonic stem cells. These human induced pluripotent stemcells have normal karyotypes, express telomerase activity, expresscell surface markers and genes that characterize human ES cells,and maintain the developmental potential to differentiate intoadvanced derivatives of all three primary germ layers. Suchhuman induced pluripotent cell lines should be useful in theproduction of new disease models and in drug development aswell as application in transplantation medicine once technicallimitations (for example, mutation through viral integration)are eliminated.
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