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Induced Pluripotent Stem Cell Lines Derived from Human Somatic Cells
Junying Yu,1,2*Maxim A. Vodyanik,2Kim Smuga-Otto,1,2Jessica Antosiewicz-Bourget,1,2Jennifer L. Frane,1Shulan Tian,3Jeff Nie,3Gudrun A. Jonsdottir,3Victor Ruotti,3Ron Stewart,3Igor I. Slukvin,2,4James A. Thomson1,2,5*
Somatic cell nuclear transfer allows trans-acting factors presentin the mammalian oocyte to reprogram somatic cell nuclei toan undifferentiated state. We show that four factors (OCT4,SOX2, NANOG, and LIN28) are sufficient to reprogram human somaticcells to pluripotent stem cells that exhibit the essential characteristicsof embryonic stem (ES) cells. These induced pluripotent humanstem cells have normal karyotypes, express telomerase activity,express cell surface markers and genes that characterize humanES cells, and maintain the developmental potential to differentiateinto advanced derivatives of all three primary germ layers.Such induced pluripotent human cell lines should be useful inthe production of new disease models and in drug development,as well as for applications in transplantation medicine, oncetechnical limitations (for example, mutation through viral integration)are eliminated.
1 Genome Center of Wisconsin, Madison, WI 53706–1580, USA. 2 Wisconsin National Primate Research Center, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53715–1299, USA. 3 WiCell Research Institute, Madison, WI 53707–7365, USA. 4 Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53706, USA. 5 Department of Anatomy, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53706–1509, USA.
* To whom correspondence should be addressed. E-mail: jyu{at}primate.wisc.edu (J.Y.); thomson{at}primate.wisc.edu (J.A.T.)
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